解答つき内科外科看護：神経、内分泌、腎臓ワークシート

Why is dexamethasone often given to patients with a brain tumour?

1. ATo reduce swelling around the tumour
2. BTo kill the tumour cells directly
3. CTo prevent infection after a biopsy
4. DTo raise the blood pressure

糖尿病のある人の足で、防御知覚の消失をスクリーニングする簡単な検査はどれですか？

1. Aふくらはぎの周径を測る
2. B足の指で毛細血管血糖を測る
3. C手の指の毛細血管再充満を確認する
4. D足底に10 gモノフィラメントを当てる

What is an arteriovenous fistula?

1. AA surgical join between an artery and a vein
2. BA blood clot that blocks an artery in the arm
3. CA catheter placed into the abdominal cavity
4. DA plastic tube placed in a large neck vein

After transsphenoidal pituitary surgery, which advice should the patient follow?

1. ABlow the nose often to clear any clots
2. BAvoid blowing the nose, straining and bending forward
3. CLie completely flat for at least a week after surgery
4. DDrink through a straw to keep the nose clean

脊髄損傷の後に、間欠的自己導尿がよく指導されるのはなぜですか？

1. A尿路感染症のリスクを完全になくすから
2. B膀胱が時間とともに徐々に大きくなるよう訓練するから
3. C膀胱が空にならないことがあり、定期的に空にすることで腎臓を守れるから
4. D主に尿量を正確に測るために用いられるから

A patient has radioactive iodine treatment for hyperthyroidism. Which advice is correct?

1. AStart breastfeeding again the next day
2. BLimit close contact with children and pregnant women for a time
3. CStay in strict isolation in hospital for several months
4. DThere are no precautions, because the dose is tiny

A patient on carbamazepine is admitted confused, with a sodium of 121 mmol/L. Which explanation is most likely?

1. AThe low sodium proves the patient has stopped taking the drug
2. BConfusion is a normal, expected effect of carbamazepine and is unrelated to sodium
3. CCarbamazepine can cause hyponatraemia through an SIADH-like effect
4. DCarbamazepine causes salt loss through severe diarrhoea

Why may nitrofurantoin be avoided in an older patient with significantly reduced kidney function?

1. AIt cures kidney disease too quickly
2. BIt works less well and is more likely to be toxic
3. CIt turns the urine red in kidney disease
4. DIt cannot be taken with food in kidney disease