解答つき薬理学ワークシート

Giving a patient immunoglobulin after exposure to an infection provides which type of immunity?

1. AInnate immunity
2. BActive immunity
3. CHerd immunity
4. DPassive immunity

What is a "superinfection" during antibiotic treatment?

1. AAn infection that spreads from one patient to another on the ward
2. BAn infection that is cured by a single antibiotic dose
3. CA new infection because normal body flora are disturbed
4. DA very severe form of the original infection

In Addison's disease, fludrocortisone is given to replace which hormone?

1. AThyroxine
2. BAldosterone
3. CCortisol
4. DAdrenaline

A patient with diabetes is sweaty and shaky. Blood glucose is 3.0 mmol/L (54 mg/dL). The patient is awake and can swallow. What should the nurse do first?

1. AGive the next scheduled dose of insulin
2. BGive a large meal high in fat and protein to keep glucose up for longer
3. CGive intramuscular glucagon at once
4. DGive 15–20 g of fast-acting carbohydrate, such as juice

A patient is starting doxazosin, an alpha-1 blocker. What should the nurse advise about the first dose?

1. ATake it only if the urine is darker than usual
2. BExpect a short rise in blood pressure after the dose
3. CTake it in the morning with a cup of strong coffee to stay alert
4. DTake it at bedtime, because it can cause dizziness and fainting

メトロニダゾールを服用する患者が通常避けるよう勧められるものは何ですか？

1. A乳製品
2. Bグレープフルーツジュース
3. Cアルコール
4. D日光

A child has a tonic–clonic seizure lasting more than 5 minutes at home and has no IV access. Which drug can be given first by a trained carer or paramedic?

1. AOral paracetamol syrup
2. BIntramuscular morphine
3. COral phenytoin tablets crushed in water
4. DBuccal or intranasal midazolam

A patient took a doxycycline tablet with a sip of water just before lying down. Now swallowing is very painful. What is the most likely cause?

1. AOral candidiasis from the antibiotic
2. BPill-induced oesophagitis
3. CGastric ulcer caused by doxycycline
4. DAn allergic reaction to the tablet coating