解答つき薬理学ワークシート

急性の喘息発作を和らげるのに使う薬のグループは？

1. AACE 阻害薬
2. Bβ 遮断薬
3. C抗ヒスタミン薬
4. D短時間作用型 β2 刺激薬

Clomifene is used mainly to:

1. AInduce ovulation in women with infertility
2. BStop postpartum bleeding
3. CPrevent pregnancy
4. DTreat menopausal hot flushes and night sweats

Montelukast, used in asthma, belongs to which drug class?

1. AAntimuscarinic bronchodilators
2. BShort-acting beta-2 agonists
3. CInhaled corticosteroids
4. DLeukotriene receptor antagonists

アミトリプチリンなどの三環系抗うつ薬の過量服用が特に危険なのはなぜですか？

1. A突然の高血糖を起こすから
2. B不整脈とけいれんを起こすから
3. C腎結石を起こすから
4. D数時間以内に重い肝不全を起こすから

カルシウム拮抗薬アムロジピンに典型的な副作用はどれですか？

1. A足首のむくみ
2. B空咳
3. C気管支けいれん
4. D高カリウム血症

Why is directly observed therapy (DOT) often used for tuberculosis?

1. ATreatment lasts months, and missed doses cause resistance
2. BThe drugs work only if a nurse is present
3. CPatients with TB cannot swallow tablets
4. DTB drugs must always be given intravenously in hospital

Why is vancomycin given by mouth, not intravenously, for Clostridioides difficile infection?

1. AThe oral form is cheaper but has the same effect as IV
2. BOral vancomycin is absorbed into the blood better than IV vancomycin
3. COral vancomycin is not absorbed, so it reaches high levels in the colon
4. DIntravenous vancomycin causes C. difficile infection

Before starting long-term bisphosphonate treatment, a patient is advised to have a dental check-up. Why?

1. ABisphosphonates cause severe gum overgrowth
2. BThey are linked to osteonecrosis of the jaw after dental surgery
3. CBisphosphonates stain the teeth black if taken for many years
4. DBisphosphonates dissolve tooth enamel within weeks