解答つき薬理学ワークシート

Fluconazole is used to treat infections caused by:

1. AViruses such as influenza
2. BGram-negative bacteria
3. CFungi such as Candida
4. DParasites such as malaria

What is enzyme induction?

1. AA drug is converted into an enzyme in the body
2. BA drug speeds up liver enzymes, so other drugs are broken down faster
3. CA drug causes an allergic reaction to enzymes
4. DA drug blocks liver enzymes, so other drugs build up in the blood

What is a prodrug?

1. AA drug that prevents or reverses the effect of another drug in the body
2. BA drug that is inactive until the body converts it into its active form
3. CA drug that is given before surgery
4. DA drug that has passed all clinical trials

How does sucralfate help a peptic ulcer heal?

1. AIt neutralises acid by releasing bicarbonate
2. BIt forms a protective coating over the ulcer base
3. CIt blocks histamine H2 receptors in the stomach
4. DIt kills Helicobacter pylori directly

一定間隔で投与した薬が定常状態に達するまで、おおよそどのくらいかかりますか？

1. A半減期の 4～5 倍
2. B投与量の大きさだけで決まる
3. C半減期の 10 倍
4. D半減期 1 回分

How should a patient store sublingual glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) tablets?

1. AIn a plastic weekly pill box with other tablets
2. BLoose in a shirt pocket close to the body for quick access
3. CIn the fridge in a damp, open container to keep them fresh and cool
4. DIn the original dark glass bottle, away from heat, light and moisture

A patient on long-term prednisolone has been vomiting for two days and could not take her tablets. She is now hypotensive and confused, with low sodium and high potassium. What is the most urgent treatment?

1. AOral prednisolone with a glass of water
2. BIV insulin with glucose only
3. CIV hydrocortisone and IV fluids
4. DIV furosemide

Lithium taken in the first trimester of pregnancy has been linked to which type of birth defect?

1. ALimb defects similar to thalidomide
2. BCleft lip and palate only
3. CNeural tube defects such as spina bifida
4. DHeart malformations, such as Ebstein's anomaly