解答つき薬理学ワークシート

Which vitamin reverses the effect of warfarin?

1. AVitamin B12
2. BVitamin E
3. CVitamin C
4. DVitamin K

How is pernicious anaemia usually treated?

1. AWith folic acid alone
2. BWith vitamin B12 injections, usually for life
3. CWith blood transfusions every month
4. DWith oral iron tablets for three months, then stopping

Which adverse effect of ethambutol requires vision checks?

1. ACataracts that form within a few days of starting
2. BPermanent dilation of the pupils
3. CBleeding in the back of the eye
4. DOptic neuritis, with blurred vision and colour blindness

スタチンの重大だがまれな副作用で、患者がすぐに報告すべきものはどれですか？

1. A原因のわからない筋肉の痛みや脱力
2. B金属のような味
3. C足首のむくみ
4. D空咳

特に若い人で、メトクロプラミドに典型的な副作用はどれですか？

1. A急性ジストニアなどの錐体外路性の運動障害
2. B低血糖
3. C空咳
4. D重い便秘

ネオスチグミンは重症筋無力症でどのように筋力を改善しますか？

1. Aアセチルコリンエステラーゼを阻害し、より多くのアセチルコリンが受容体に届くようにする
2. B筋肉のムスカリン受容体を直接刺激する
3. C神経筋接合部のアセチルコリン受容体の数を増やす
4. D受容体に対する自己抗体を遮断する

A malnourished patient with low serum albumin shows nystagmus and unsteady gait. Her total phenytoin level is within range. What is the most likely explanation?

1. ALow albumin speeds up phenytoin metabolism
2. BLow albumin makes phenytoin bind more tightly, so the drug is less active
3. CMore phenytoin is unbound when albumin is low, so free levels rise
4. DThe total level is high, but the laboratory is wrong

A patient taking sertraline starts St John's wort for low mood. What is the main concern?

1. ASevere low blood pressure from blocked alpha receptors
2. BA hypertensive crisis from tyramine
3. CSerotonin syndrome from combined serotonergic effects
4. DBleeding from vitamin K deficiency