1.내외과: 심혈관계와 호흡기계보통
A patient with a long QT interval develops a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that twists around the baseline but still has a pulse. Which drug is used first?
- AOral digoxin
- BIntravenous potassium chloride as a bolus
- CIntravenous magnesium sulfate
- DIntravenous adenosine
2.내외과: 심혈관계와 호흡기계어려움
Four surgical patients need VTE prevention. For which patient is mechanical prophylaxis alone most appropriate?
- AA patient who had a brain haemorrhage two days ago
- BAn obese patient after hip surgery
- CA patient after an uncomplicated knee replacement
- DA patient with cancer having bowel surgery
3.내외과: 신경계, 내분비계, 신장보통
Before checking a capillary glucose, why should the patient wash their hands with soap and water?
- ASugar on the skin can give a falsely high reading
- BWashing prevents all infection from the lancet
- CWashing lowers the glucose in the blood
- DSoap makes the blood flow faster from the finger
4.내외과: 신경계, 내분비계, 신장어려움
A patient with nephrotic syndrome suddenly has loin pain, blood in the urine and a rise in creatinine. What is a likely cause?
- AA simple bladder infection
- BNormal fluctuation in the disease
- CToo much dietary protein
- DRenal vein thrombosis
5.내외과: 소화기계, 수술 전후, 종양보통
Which measure helps reduce the risk of delirium in an older surgical patient?
- AMoving them to a new bed space each night to reduce boredom
- BKeeping the room dark during the day
- CMaking sure they have their glasses and hearing aids
- DGiving a sleeping tablet every night
6.내외과: 소화기계, 수술 전후, 종양어려움
전신마취 중 환자에게 턱 강직, 호기말 CO₂ 상승, 빈맥이 생기고 이어 체온이 빠르게 오릅니다. 특이적 치료 약물은?
- A단트롤렌
- B날록손
- C파라세타몰
- D석시닐콜린
7.임상간호학보통
Which ECG change is typical of hypokalaemia?
- AFlattened T waves and prominent U waves
- BA very short PR interval with a delta wave
- CTall, peaked T waves
- DST elevation in leads II, III and aVF
8.임상간호학어려움
Four call bells ring at the same time. Which patient should the nurse see first?
- AA patient asking what time they will be discharged
- BA patient who has just become breathless after starting an IV antibiotic
- CA patient who needs help to go to the toilet and has rung twice
- DA patient asking for pain relief for chronic back pain that they rate as 3/10
9.검사 수치와 전해질보통
A patient has started parenteral nutrition (PN) through a central line. Which test is monitored most frequently in the first days?
- AThyroid hormones
- BHemoglobin A1c
- CSerum lipase
- DBlood glucose
10.검사 수치와 전해질어려움
A patient with blood pressure that is hard to control has a potassium of 2.9 mEq/L, a sodium of 144 mEq/L and a raised serum bicarbonate, without taking a diuretic. Which condition is most likely?
- APrimary adrenal insufficiency
- BPrimary hyperaldosteronism
- CSyndrome of inappropriate ADH
- DCentral diabetes insipidus
11.동맥혈 가스 검사 해석보통
연습용 값: Na⁺ 149 mmol/L, 포도당 20.6 mmol/L, 요소 18.8 mmol/L. 혈청 삼투질 농도 Osm = 2·Na⁺ + 포도당 + 요소를 가장 가까운 정수로 계산하시오.
Na⁺ 149 mmol/L포도당 20.6 mmol/L요소 18.8 mmol/L
Osm = mOsm/kg
12.동맥혈 가스 검사 해석어려움
연습용 값: Na⁺ 142, Cl⁻ 88, HCO₃⁻ 15 mmol/L. AG = Na⁺ − (Cl⁻ + HCO₃⁻)를 써서 델타 비 (AG − 12)/(24 − HCO₃⁻)을(를) 계산하시오. 소수 둘째 자리까지 답하시오.
Na⁺ 142 mmol/LCl⁻ 88 mmol/LHCO₃⁻ 15 mmol/L
델타 비 =
13.심전도 리듬 기록지 해석보통
이 II 유도 스트립은 한 번의 휴지기가 있는 동리듬을 보여 줍니다. 휴지기를 가로지르는 R–R 간격 휴지기을(를) 초 단위로 측정하세요.
II유도, 25 mm/s, 10 mm/mV작은 칸 1개 = 0.04초, 큰 칸 1개 = 0.20초기록지 길이 6초
휴지기 = s
14.심전도 리듬 기록지 해석어려움
이 II유도 기록지는 2도 방실차단 1형(Wenckebach)을 보여 줍니다. 전도되지 않은 P파 직전의 마지막 전도 박동의 PR 간격(가장 긴 PR)을 초 단위로 측정하세요.
II유도, 25 mm/s, 10 mm/mV작은 칸 1개 = 0.04초, 큰 칸 1개 = 0.20초기록지 길이 6초
가장 긴 PR = s
15.우선순위 설정과 위임보통
A patient is raising his voice, pacing and clenching his fists. What should the nurse do first?
- ASpeak calmly, keep a safe distance and invite him to talk about what is wrong
- BApply physical restraints at once
- CTurn away and ignore the behavior
- DStand very close to him and tell him firmly and loudly to sit down and be quiet
16.우선순위 설정과 위임어려움
START 트리아지에서 성인이 호흡하지 않습니다. 기도를 재배치했는데도 여전히 호흡하지 않습니다. 올바른 범주는 무엇인가요?
- A검정(사망 또는 기대 불가)
- B빨강, 그리고 즉시 심폐소생술 시작
- C노랑, 나중에 다시 오기
- D빨강. 호흡이 없는 것이 가장 긴급한 소견이기 때문