NCLEX-PN 스타일 연습 문제 (LPN/LVN): 벼락치기 팩

Why are patients with a new ileostomy at risk of dehydration?

1. AThe colon removes too much water from the stool
2. BThe output is liquid and contains a lot of water and salt
3. CThe stoma absorbs water from the body
4. DThey are not allowed to drink for several weeks after surgery

A patient with a new colostomy has been taught stoma care. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll dry the skin well before putting on a new bag."
2. B"I'll measure the stoma again as it shrinks over the next weeks."
3. C"I'll cut the opening much bigger than my stoma so it doesn't rub."
4. D"I'll check the skin around my stoma when I change the bag."

During a surgical hand scrub, how are the hands held?

1. AAbove the elbows, so water runs from the fingertips toward the elbows
2. BPointing downward into the sink at all times
3. CBelow the elbows, so water runs off the fingertips into the sink
4. DAt the level of the waist, close to the body

A nurse teaches new parents how to cope with an infant’s crying. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A“I will check whether he is hungry, wet or too warm.”
2. B“I can call a friend or family member to help when I am tired.”
3. C“If I get frustrated, I will put him safely in the crib and take a short break.”
4. D“If he won’t stop crying, a quick shake will get his attention.”

Using the Emergency Severity Index, which level fits a 70-year-old with chest pressure that suggests a heart attack, but normal vital signs?

1. ALevel 1
2. BLevel 5
3. CLevel 2
4. DLevel 4

An adult choking on food is coughing forcefully and can speak a little. What should the nurse do?

1. AEncourage the patient to keep coughing and stay with them
2. BSweep the mouth blindly with a finger
3. CGive abdominal thrusts straight away until the food comes out
4. DGive the patient water to wash the food down

Why does a patient with a suspected TIA need urgent specialist assessment?

1. AA TIA always turns into a brain tumour unless it is treated
2. BThe risk of a full stroke is highest in the days after a TIA
3. CThe symptoms will come back permanently within an hour
4. DThe patient needs urgent surgery on the brain

A patient with a central venous catheter develops fever and rigors shortly after the line is flushed, with no other obvious source. What should be suspected?

1. AA pulmonary embolism
2. BAn allergic reaction to the saline flush
3. CNormal response to line use
4. DA catheter-related bloodstream infection

Why must a blue-top (citrate) coagulation tube be filled to the correct level?

1. AAn overfull tube is needed to measure the potassium level
2. BThe blood-to-anticoagulant ratio must be right for accurate clotting times
3. CThe laboratory charges extra when a tube is not filled correctly
4. DUnderfilled tubes always give a falsely low hemoglobin and hematocrit

A patient has a hematocrit of 60% and a raised red cell mass. Which result suggests polycythemia vera rather than secondary polycythemia from chronic hypoxia?

1. AA low oxygen saturation
2. BA high erythropoietin level
3. CA high carboxyhemoglobin
4. DA low erythropoietin level

Why is directly observed therapy (DOT) often used for tuberculosis?

1. APatients with TB cannot swallow tablets
2. BTB drugs must always be given intravenously in hospital
3. CThe drugs work only if a nurse is present
4. DTreatment lasts months, and missed doses cause resistance

A nurse calculates a child's dose and finds it is ten times higher than the usual range in the drug reference. What should the nurse do?

1. AWithhold it, recheck the calculation and clarify with the prescriber
2. BGive one tenth of the dose without telling anyone
3. CGive half the dose as a compromise
4. DGive the dose, because the prescriber is responsible for the order

Why must anti-embolism stockings be measured and fitted correctly?

1. ALoose stockings make the patient's legs too warm at night
2. BTight stockings work better, so the smallest size is always best
3. CCorrect fit is needed only to improve the appearance
4. DPoorly fitting stockings can cause pressure damage

A patient with severe chronic kidney disease needs therapeutic anticoagulation for a DVT. Why might unfractionated heparin be chosen instead of a low-molecular-weight heparin?

1. AUnfractionated heparin is taken by mouth
2. BLMWH cannot be given to anyone over 60
3. CUnfractionated heparin has no bleeding risk at all
4. DLMWH is cleared by the kidneys and can accumulate

Which nursing action helps most to prevent and manage delirium in an older inpatient?

1. AUse glasses and hearing aids and reorient the patient often
2. BRestrain the patient so that they do not wander off the ward
3. CMove the patient to a different room each day for variety
4. DKeep the lights on all night so the patient can see clearly

A patient with CKD has a potassium of 6.5 mmol/L. Which medicine combination is the most likely contributor?

1. ARamipril, spironolactone and trimethoprim
2. BFurosemide, salbutamol and insulin
3. CParacetamol (acetaminophen), omeprazole and senna
4. DAmlodipine, simvastatin and aspirin

간경변 환자가 간성 뇌병증으로 락툴로오스를 복용합니다. 보통의 목표는?

1. A하루 2~3회의 무른 변
2. B하루 10회 이상의 물설사
3. C며칠 동안 배변 없음
4. D매주 한 번의 단단한 변

Which preoperative blood result should the nurse report to the team before elective surgery?

1. ASodium 139 mmol/L
2. BFasting glucose 5.4 mmol/L (97 mg/dL)
3. CPotassium 2.9 mmol/L
4. DHaemoglobin 138 g/L (13.8 g/dL) in a man

A newborn has flat, blue-grey patches over the lower back and buttocks. How should the nurse interpret this?

1. ABruising that suggests birth trauma or abuse
2. BHarmless dermal melanocytosis, to be documented
3. CA port-wine stain that will need laser treatment
4. DA sign of a serious blood clotting disorder

A labouring woman feels intense rectal pressure and says "the baby is coming". She was 7 cm 20 minutes ago. What should the nurse do first?

1. ALeave her to get the birth equipment from the store
2. BTell her it is too early and to stop pushing
3. CGive her an opioid for the pain
4. DCheck whether the head is visible and stay with her

영아의 발달성 고관절 이형성증을 시사하는 소견은 무엇인가요?

1. A허벅지나 엉덩이의 비대칭 피부 주름과 제한된 고관절 외전
2. B걸음마기 아동의 O자 다리
3. C같은 다리 길이, 대칭적인 피부 주름, 양쪽 고관절의 충분하고 쉬운 외전
4. D짖는 기침

A 2-year-old has swallowed several of his mother's iron tablets. Why is this treated as an emergency even if he looks well?

1. AIron poisoning can cause gut bleeding, shock and liver failure hours later
2. BIron poisoning causes only constipation, which needs an enema
3. CIron tablets dissolve to form a gas that blocks the airway
4. DIron tablets cause an immediate allergic reaction in young children

A patient on a mental health ward insists that he is a famous inventor whose ideas were stolen by the government. Which type of delusion is the main one here?

1. AErotomanic
2. BNihilistic
3. CGrandiose
4. DSomatic

A behaviour plan states that staff will no longer give attention to a child's tantrums but will praise calm behaviour. For the first few days, the tantrums become worse. What does this most likely show?

1. AThat the plan has failed and should be stopped immediately
2. BThat the tantrums are caused by a physical illness
3. CThat the child needs firm punishment for each tantrum instead
4. DAn extinction burst, which is expected before the behaviour decreases

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 용량이 3:30 PM에 기록되어 있습니다. 24시간제로 같은 시각인 항목은 어느 것입니까? 클릭하세요.

1. 114:30
2. 216:30
3. 315:30
4. 403:30

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 주입이 17:50에 시작하여 다음 날 아침 01:50에 끝납니다(24시간제). 주입은 몇 시간 t 진행되었습니까? 답은 시간 단위의 소수로, 소수 둘째 자리까지 반올림하여 쓰세요.

환자의 체중은 90 kg입니다. 처방 용량은 하루 25 mg/kg이며 4회로 나누어 투여합니다. 1회에 몇 mg D을 투여하나요?

수액 500 mL에 약 25000단위가 들어 있습니다. 처방은 시간당 1250단위입니다. 펌프 속도 R를 몇 mL/h로 설정하나요?

1500 mL가 6시간에 걸쳐 처방되었습니다. 2시간 후 백에 아직 1160 mL가 남아 있는 것을 발견했고, 처방은 여전히 제시간에 끝나야 합니다. 펌프를 몇 mL/h R로 다시 설정해야 하나요?

백에 50 mL당 약 100 mg이 들어 있고 20 mL/h로 주입됩니다. 환자는 시간당 몇 mg D을 받나요?

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 기록표는 한 8시간 근무조 동안 환자의 섭취량과 배설량을 보여 줍니다. 정맥 주입은 근무조 내내 표시된 속도로 들어갔습니다. 수분 균형 B = 섭취량 − 배설량을 mL 단위로 구하세요(음수이면 순손실).

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 1000 mL 백이 펌프로 80 mL/h로 들어가고 있습니다. 21:30에 이미 200 mL가 주입되었습니다. 백이 비기까지 몇 시간 t이(가) 남았나요? 소수 첫째 자리까지 반올림하세요.

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 다음 관찰 소견에 NEWS2 도표(SpO₂ 척도 1)를 사용하세요: 호흡수 12/min, SpO₂ 98% 실내 공기 호흡 중, 혈압 142/86 mmHg, 맥박 130/min, 명료함, 체온 38.4 °C. NEWS2 총점은 얼마입니까?

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 성인의 체중이 142 kg이고 키가 186 cm입니다. BMI를 계산하고 WHO 체중 분류를 클릭하세요.

1. 1저체중
2. 2건강 체중
3. 3과체중
4. 41단계 비만
5. 52단계 비만
6. 63단계 비만