NCLEX-PN 스타일 연습 문제 (LPN/LVN): 벼락치기 팩

Which patient is at greatest risk of injury from a heat pack?

1. AA patient with reduced sensation from diabetic neuropathy
2. BA patient with period pain
3. CA young adult with a stiff neck after sleeping in an awkward position
4. DA patient with a sore lower back after gardening

An older patient's leg wound has become more painful and has a new unpleasant smell, but there is no fever. What does this suggest?

1. AAn allergy to the dressing that needs no action
2. BThe wound has dried out and needs to be left open
3. CNormal healing, because there is no fever and the wound is still closed
4. DA possible wound infection that needs assessment and reporting

An adult with hepatitis A is incontinent of stool. Which precautions are used?

1. AAirborne precautions in a negative-pressure room with the door closed
2. BA protective environment with filtered air
3. CContact precautions in addition to standard precautions
4. DDroplet precautions with a surgical mask

A nurse teaches an older adult about preventing falls at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A“I wear shoes with non-slip soles around the house.”
2. B“I keep small rugs in the hall so my feet stay warm.”
3. C“I use night lights between my bedroom and the bathroom.”
4. D“I had grab bars put in next to the toilet.”

On a pediatric unit, which child does the nurse assess first?

1. AA child with a temperature of 38.2 °C after vaccination
2. BA child with croup who has a barking cough but no stridor at rest
3. CA child in a new arm cast with pink, warm fingers and pain of 5/10
4. DA child with asthma who is now quiet with very little air movement

After the RN taught a patient to inject insulin, an LPN/LVN reports that the patient still cannot draw up the dose correctly. What should happen next?

1. AThe LPN/LVN writes a new teaching plan and evaluates it at the end of the shift
2. BThe patient is discharged with a leaflet to read at home
3. CThe RN reassesses the patient’s learning needs and adjusts the teaching
4. DThe nursing assistant shows the patient again at lunch

A patient is receiving IV fluids for several days. Which monitoring is essential?

1. AMonthly HbA1c
2. BWeekly temperature and a single blood glucose reading
3. CFluid balance, regular weights and urea, creatinine and electrolytes
4. DPeak flow readings

Which task is most appropriate for a registered nurse to delegate to a trained healthcare assistant (unlicensed assistive personnel)?

1. AMeasuring and recording vital signs on a stable patient
2. BAssessing a patient who has just reported new chest pain
3. CGiving a dose of intravenous antibiotic
4. DTeaching a patient to inject insulin for the first time

Why is a baseline platelet count taken before starting heparin therapy?

1. ASo a later fall from heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is detected
2. BSo that the INR can be calculated from the platelet count later
3. CBecause heparin increases the platelet count to dangerous levels
4. DBecause heparin is given at a dose based on the platelet count

A patient has a hemoglobin of 11.2 g/dL (112 g/L), an MCV of 64 fL, a normal ferritin and a normal-to-high red cell count. What is the most likely cause?

1. AAcute blood loss
2. BVitamin B₁₂ deficiency
3. CIron deficiency
4. DThalassemia trait

Which approach is usually recommended to prevent constipation in a patient on regular opioids?

1. ANo laxative until the patient has not opened the bowels for a week
2. BAn antidiarrhoeal drug at night to slow the gut
3. CA stimulant laxative such as senna, often with a stool softener
4. DBulk-forming fibre alone, with fluid intake restricted

A baby born to a mother on methadone becomes irritable on day 2, with a high-pitched cry, tremors, sneezing and poor feeding. What is the most likely cause?

1. ANormal newborn behaviour
2. BNeonatal hypoglycaemia from maternal diabetes
3. CNeonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome
4. DVitamin K deficiency bleeding

Why are beta-blockers often started after a myocardial infarction?

1. AThey dissolve the clot that is blocking the coronary artery
2. BThey reduce cholesterol in the blood
3. CThey raise the heart rate to improve blood flow to the muscle
4. DThey lower the heart's oxygen demand and reduce arrhythmias

A nurse has four cardiac patients. Which one should be seen first?

1. AA patient with angina whose chest pain has not eased with rest and who is sweating
2. BA patient with AF and a heart rate of 86/min who is due an apixaban dose this morning
3. CA patient with heart failure whose weight is 0.3 kg up on yesterday's morning weight
4. DA patient after a radial angiogram asking when they can eat

복막투석액은 사용 전에 어떻게 데워야 합니까?

1. A전용 건열 가온기에서
2. B전자레인지에서
3. C냉장고에서 꺼내 차가운 채로 사용한다
4. D뜨거운 수돗물이 담긴 대야에서

A kidney transplant recipient has had vomiting and diarrhoea for two days. Why should the transplant team be contacted?

1. AThe tablets will make the vomiting stop
2. BThe patient may not be absorbing their immunosuppressants
3. CThe kidney will start to produce far too much urine
4. DVomiting proves that rejection has already happened

Which lifestyle change most improves the course of Crohn's disease?

1. AAvoiding all exercise
2. BDrinking more coffee
3. CEating more red meat
4. DStopping smoking

On the morning of elective hip surgery, a patient says she took her usual warfarin last night despite being told to stop. What should the nurse do?

1. AProceed with the usual checklist and say nothing
2. BGive a double dose of vitamin K by mouth without waiting for a prescription
3. CInform the surgical and anaesthetic teams, who will check the INR
4. DTell her the surgery must be cancelled for a month

A woman at 10 weeks has morning sickness. Which suggestion is most likely to help?

1. ADrink large amounts of fluid with each meal
2. BSkip breakfast and eat one large meal in the evening
3. CEat dry crackers before rising and eat small meals
4. DEat spicy and fatty foods to settle the stomach

After a severe postpartum haemorrhage, a woman cannot breastfeed because her milk does not come in, and she feels very tired. Which condition should be suspected?

1. ASheehan syndrome
2. BPostpartum thyroiditis
3. CMastitis
4. DBreast engorgement

A 16-year-old starts an SSRI antidepressant. What is especially important to monitor in the first weeks?

1. AWeight gain of more than 10 kg in the first month
2. BWorsening mood or new suicidal thoughts
3. CA sudden rise in blood glucose
4. DA drop in the platelet count

Which phone call should the nurse return first?

1. AA parent of a 3-year-old with a runny nose and a mild cough for 2 days
2. BA parent of a 7-year-old with a faint rash 3 days into antibiotics, breathing normally
3. CA parent asking when the next routine vaccines are due
4. DA parent of a 5-month-old who has had no wet nappy for 12 hours and is very sleepy

마지막 음주 후 진전섬망은 가장 흔히 언제 시작되나요?

1. A2주 뒤
2. B약 2~4일(48~96시간)
3. C2개월 뒤
4. D1~2시간 이내

SSRI를 시작한 지 2주 뒤 환자가 "효과가 없어요. 그만 먹을래요"라고 말합니다. 가장 좋은 반응은 무엇인가요?

1. A용량을 두 배로 하라고 말한다
2. B항우울제는 결코 효과가 없다고 말한다
3. C충분히 작용하기까지 흔히 몇 주가 걸린다고 설명하고, 계속 복용하도록 격려하며 기분과 안전을 감시한다
4. D2주가 지나도 도움이 되지 않은 항우울제는 앞으로도 효과가 없을 가능성이 높으니 즉시 중단하는 데 동의한다

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 체중 환산 결과가 32.2857 kg입니다. 이 연습 문제의 규칙은 체중은 킬로그램의 소수 첫째 자리까지 반올림합니다입니다. 기록할 값 x은(는) 얼마입니까?

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 처방전에 경구 현탁액 하루 두 번을(를) 1½ tsp씩 5일 동안 복용하라고 되어 있습니다. 현탁액은 100 mL 병으로 나옵니다. 1 tsp = 5 mL을(를) 사용하면 치료 기간을 채우려면 몇 병 N을(를) 온전히 공급해야 합니까?

환자의 체중은 18 kg입니다. 처방 용량은 하루 15 mg/kg이며 3회로 나누어 투여합니다. 1회에 몇 mg D을 투여하나요?

50%(w/v) 원액으로 0.5%(w/v) 용액 250 mL를 준비해야 합니다. 원액이 몇 mL V₁ 필요한가요?

60 gtt/mL 세트로 점적이 40 gtt/min으로 들어갑니다. 환자는 6시간 동안 몇 mL V을 받나요?

백에 50 mL당 약 100 mg이 들어 있고 20 mL/h로 주입됩니다. 환자는 시간당 몇 mg D을 받나요?

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 기록표는 한 8시간 근무조 동안 환자의 섭취량과 배설량을 보여 줍니다. 정맥 주입은 근무조 내내 표시된 속도로 들어갔습니다. 총섭취량 I을(를) mL 단위로 구하세요.

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 1000 mL 주입을 16:30에 100 mL/h로 시작합니다. 4시간 후 속도를 125 mL/h로 바꾸고 이후로는 바꾸지 않습니다. 시작 후 몇 시간 t 뒤에 백이 비나요? 소수 첫째 자리까지 반올림하세요.

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 연습용 환자를 Braden 척도로 평가했습니다: 감각 인지: 완전히 제한됨; 습기: 가끔 젖음; 활동: 의자 생활; 이동성: 약간 제한됨; 영양: 매우 좋음; 마찰과 전단력: 문제 있음. Braden 총점 B을(를) 구하세요.

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 팀은 평균 동맥압 65 mmHg 이상을 목표로 합니다. 환자의 수축기 혈압은 83 mmHg입니다. MAP = (SBP + 2·DBP)/3을 사용할 때, MAP 65 mmHg를 유지하는 가장 낮은 이완기 혈압 DBP은(는) 얼마입니까?