NCLEX-PN 스타일 연습 문제 (LPN/LVN): 벼락치기 팩

Which part of the stethoscope is best for hearing low-pitched sounds such as some heart murmurs?

1. AThe bell, placed lightly on the skin
2. BThe bell, pressed firmly on the skin
3. CThe diaphragm, pressed firmly on the skin
4. DThe earpieces turned backwards

Why should a near miss be reported even though no harm occurred?

1. ASo the nurse involved can be identified and disciplined
2. BBecause insurance companies require a report for every shift worked
3. CIt helps find and fix system problems before someone is harmed
4. DIt does not need reporting if no one was harmed

hydrOXYzine과 hydrALAZINE처럼 쓰는 “톨맨(Tall Man) 표기”의 목적은?

1. A이름이 비슷한 약을 더 쉽게 구별하게 하기
2. B상품명을 나타내기
3. C약의 함량을 나타내기
4. D두 약 중 어느 쪽이 고위험 약물인지 나타내기

A nurse has just started a unit of red blood cells when a colleague asks for urgent help with another patient. What is the best action?

1. ALeave to help the other patient, and check the transfusion again in about an hour
2. BStay with the transfusing patient for the first 15 minutes and ask another nurse to help
3. CSpeed up the transfusion so it finishes sooner
4. DPause the transfusion until the nurse is free again

START 트리아지에서 걷지 못하는 성인이 분당 22회 호흡하고 요골 맥박이 있으며 간단한 명령을 따르지만 다리 골절이 뚜렷합니다. 이 피해자는 어느 범주로 분류되나요?

1. A노랑(지연)
2. B초록(경증)
3. C빨강(즉시)
4. D검정(기대 불가)

Which finding after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy is expected and needs only reassurance and comfort measures?

1. AA heart rate of 125/min with a falling blood pressure
2. BYellow skin with dark urine on the second day
3. CIncreasing abdominal pain with a temperature of 39 °C
4. DRight shoulder pain from the gas used during surgery

A patient is started on spironolactone while already taking an ACE inhibitor. Which blood result should be watched most closely?

1. ACalcium, because both drugs lower it
2. BSodium, because both drugs raise it sharply
3. CPotassium, because both drugs can raise it
4. DGlucose, because both drugs cause hyperglycaemia

장기간 스테로이드를 사용한 환자가 구토로 투약을 놓친 후 급성으로 아프고 저혈압과 혼돈을 보입니다. 어떤 응급 상황을 고려해야 하나요?

1. A고칼슘혈증
2. B부신 위기
3. C요붕증
4. D갑상샘 폭풍

간경변 환자의 알부민이 2.2 g/dL(22 g/L)입니다. 가장 관련 있을 가능성이 높은 소견은 무엇인가요?

1. A부종과 복수
2. B고칼륨혈증
3. C소변량 증가
4. D높은 혈압

A patient with ongoing hemolytic anemia has an HbA1c of 4.6%, but home glucose readings are often 180–220 mg/dL (10–12 mmol/L). What best explains the gap?

1. AShort red cell life span lowers the HbA1c falsely
2. BThe home glucose meter is reading falsely high
3. CHemolysis makes the HbA1c test read too high
4. DThe patient has true, well-controlled diabetes

While giving medicines, a patient says, "That pill looks different from the one I usually take." What should the nurse do?

1. AReassure the patient and give the pill anyway
2. BStop and recheck the order and the medicine before giving it
3. CExplain that only the staff decide which medicines are given
4. DGive the pill and check the chart afterwards

A patient taking azathioprine is prescribed allopurinol for gout. What is the main danger?

1. ASevere bone marrow suppression, because azathioprine breakdown is reduced
2. BGout becomes worse because allopurinol is inactivated by azathioprine
3. CSevere hypertension from the combination
4. DLiver enzyme induction, making azathioprine ineffective

A woman with hypertension who takes lisinopril says she is planning a pregnancy. What should the nurse advise?

1. ADouble the dose to protect the baby from high blood pressure
2. BDiscuss switching medicine with the prescriber before trying to conceive
3. CStop all blood pressure treatment straight away without telling anyone
4. DContinue lisinopril, as it is the safest blood pressure drug in pregnancy

A healthcare assistant (unlicensed assistive personnel) reports four observations. Which one needs the nurse's attention first?

1. AA patient after a PCI asking for a cup of tea
2. BA patient with COPD whose SpO₂ is 90% on 1 L/min, which is usual for him
3. CA patient with a DVT whose leg is less swollen today
4. DA patient with heart failure who is newly confused, with SpO₂ 89%

고삼투압 고혈당 상태(HHS)에 대해 올바른 설명은?

1. A주로 제2형 당뇨병이 있는 고령자에게 며칠에 걸쳐 생긴다
2. B항상 높은 혈중 케톤과 심한 대사성 산증을 일으킨다
3. C몇 분 안에 생기며 DKA보다 덜 위험하다
4. D주로 제1형 당뇨병이 있는 어린 아동에서 나타난다

C5 척수 손상 이틀 후 환자가 불안해하며 호흡수 30회/분이고 폐활량이 줄고 있습니다. 간호사는 어떻게 해야 합니까?

1. A약 12시간 후 폐활량을 다시 확인한다
2. B긴급 보고한다. 척수 부종이 호흡부전을 일으킬 수 있다
3. C기도를 열도록 머리를 뒤로 젖혀 평평하게 눕힌다
4. D호흡을 늦추고 불안을 줄이도록 진정제를 준다

How is an uncomplicated sigmoid volvulus often first treated?

1. AHigh-dose laxatives taken by mouth
2. BDecompression with a flexible sigmoidoscope and flatus tube
3. CA barium meal given by mouth to untwist the bowel slowly
4. DEating a large high-fibre meal

항응고제를 복용하는 환자에서 경막외 카테터를 제거한 지 몇 시간 뒤 요통과 악화되는 다리 근력 약화가 생겼습니다. 의심해야 하는 것은?

1. A요통을 일으키는 요로감염
2. B하루 동안 경막외 차단이 정상적으로 풀리는 것
3. C경막외 혈종으로, 응급 검토와 MRI가 필요하다
4. D다리 통증을 연관통으로 일으키는 천골 욕창

A woman at 20 weeks says her gums bleed when she brushes her teeth. What is the best advice?

1. AUse a soft brush and keep up routine dental care
2. BAvoid all dental visits until after the baby is born
3. CReport it at once because it is a sign of a clotting disorder
4. DStop brushing until the bleeding has settled after birth

A newborn's left foot is turned inward and downward and cannot be moved to a normal position. What should the nurse tell the parents?

1. AIt is caused by a lack of vitamin D
2. BSurgery is needed within the first day
3. CIt suggests clubfoot, treated early with casting
4. DIt is normal positioning in the uterus and needs no follow-up

A breastfed infant has gastroenteritis with mild dehydration. What should the nurse advise?

1. AGive nothing by mouth for 24 hours
2. BContinue breastfeeding, and give oral rehydration solution as advised
3. CGive diluted fruit juice instead of breast milk
4. DStop breastfeeding until the diarrhoea has completely stopped, then restart slowly

How should a child who is still drowsy after a tonsillectomy be positioned?

1. AFlat on the back with the head tilted backwards
2. BProne with the face directly in the pillow
3. COn the side or semi-prone, so secretions can drain from the mouth
4. DSitting fully upright with the head bent forward on the chest

A patient at risk of suicide is admitted. Which environmental check is most important?

1. ALet the patient keep all his personal belongings, including his belt and phone charger, to help him feel at home
2. BRemove items that could be used for self-harm, such as belts, cords and sharp objects
3. CPlace the patient in a room at the end of the corridor for privacy
4. DMake sure the patient has a television in the room

The family of a patient with schizophrenia asks how they can tell if he is becoming unwell again. Which signs should the nurse teach them to watch for?

1. AMild dry mouth in the first week of a new medicine
2. BA better appetite and more interest in his hobbies
3. CPoor sleep, withdrawal from others and increasing suspiciousness
4. DTalking more openly with his family about his feelings and his plans for the future

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 용량이 16:20(24시간제)에 기록되어 있습니다. 12시간제로 같은 시각인 항목은 어느 것입니까? 클릭하세요.

1. 14:20 AM
2. 24:20 PM
3. 33:20 PM
4. 46:20 PM

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 주입이 17:05에 시작하여 다음 날 아침 06:25에 끝납니다(24시간제). 주입은 몇 분 t 진행되었습니까?

바이알에 분말 1 g이 들어 있습니다. 라벨에는 주사용수 4.2 mL를 넣으면 총부피가 5 mL가 된다고 적혀 있습니다. 처방은 300 mg입니다. 재구성한 용액을 몇 mL V 투여하나요?

체중 8 kg인 아동에게 5 mL에 125 mg이 들어 있는 경구 현탁액이 회당 10 mg/kg로 처방되었습니다. 투여할 부피 V는 얼마입니까?

15 gtt/mL 세트로 점적이 35 gtt/min으로 들어갑니다. 환자는 6시간 동안 몇 mL V을 받나요?

수액이 15방울/mL 세트로 42방울/분 속도로 떨어지고 있습니다. 백에 400 mL가 남아 있습니다. 몇 시간 t 후에 비게 될까요? 소수 첫째 자리까지 반올림하세요.

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 기록표는 한 12시간 근무조 동안 환자의 섭취량과 배설량을 보여 줍니다. 정맥 주입은 근무조 내내 표시된 속도로 들어갔습니다. 수분 균형 B = 섭취량 − 배설량을 mL 단위로 구하세요(음수이면 순손실). 얼음 조각은 부피의 절반으로 계산하세요.

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 500 mL 주입을 18:00에 75 mL/h로 시작합니다. 4시간 후 속도를 150 mL/h로 바꾸고 이후로는 바꾸지 않습니다. 시작 후 몇 시간 t 뒤에 백이 비나요? 소수 첫째 자리까지 반올림하세요.

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 다음 관찰 소견에 NEWS2 도표(SpO₂ 척도 1)를 사용하세요: 호흡수 18/min, SpO₂ 90% 보충 산소 투여 중, 혈압 106/64 mmHg, 맥박 88/min, 명료함, 체온 38.4 °C. NEWS2 총점은 얼마입니까?

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 다음 관찰 소견에 NEWS2 도표(SpO₂ 척도 1)를 사용하세요: 호흡수 16/min, SpO₂ 89% 실내 공기 호흡 중, 혈압 222/134 mmHg, 맥박 58/min, 명료함, 체온 36.8 °C. 환자는 어느 임상 위험군에 속합니까? 클릭하세요.

1. 1낮음
2. 2낮음–중간
3. 3중간
4. 4높음