ATo make the insulin work more quickly with each injection
BTo stop the patient getting used to the needle
CTo prevent lumpy fatty swelling that affects absorption
DBecause each site can only be used once
2.기본간호학어려움
A patient reports pain of 8/10 but is chatting calmly and has normal vital signs. What should the nurse do?
AWithhold analgesia until the vital signs change
BAccept the report, assess further and offer analgesia
CRecord a lower score because the patient looks comfortable and calm
DTell the patient they cannot be in that much pain
3.감염 관리와 환자 안전보통
How should a portable oxygen cylinder be kept in a patient’s room?
APlaced next to a heater to keep it warm
BLaid on the bed next to the patient
CLying loose on the floor beside the bed
DSecured upright in a stand or holder
4.감염 관리와 환자 안전어려움
A nurse teaches a patient about home oxygen safety. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
A“I will keep my spare cylinders upright and secured.”
B“I can light candles at dinner if my oxygen is turned down low.”
C“I will put a ‘no smoking’ sign on my front door for visitors.”
D“I will keep my oxygen away from the stove.”
5.우선순위 설정과 위임보통
Which patient is at the highest risk of falling?
AA 45-year-old with asthma who is alert and independent
BAn 84-year-old taking a diuretic who has fallen before and gets up at night
CA 30-year-old after an appendectomy who walks with steady steps
DA 60-year-old admitted for chest pain that has since been ruled out by tests
6.우선순위 설정과 위임어려움
A patient with diabetes takes propranolol. Which sign of hypoglycemia is most likely to still appear?
APalpitations
BTachycardia
CSweating
DTremor
7.임상간호학보통
Which drug is first-line in an acute asthma attack?
AAn oral beta-blocker
BAn oral antihistamine such as cetirizine taken every few hours
CA long-acting inhaled corticosteroid, used alone at a higher dose
DA nebulised or inhaled short-acting beta2-agonist (salbutamol/albuterol)
8.임상간호학어려움
Why is a large pleural effusion drained slowly rather than all at once?
ARapid drainage can cause re-expansion pulmonary oedema
BSlow drainage stops the patient needing oxygen
CFluid drained quickly turns into blood
DQuick drainage causes the effusion to spread to the other lung
9.검사 수치와 전해질보통
A patient had a total thyroidectomy yesterday. Which laboratory value is most important to monitor in the first days after surgery?
ASerum glucose
BSerum sodium
CSerum calcium
DSerum potassium
10.검사 수치와 전해질어려움
A patient with suspected Cushing syndrome takes dexamethasone at night. The next morning, the cortisol is still high. What does this suggest?
ACortisol is being produced without normal feedback control
BThe result is normal, as dexamethasone raises cortisol
CThe patient has primary hypothyroidism instead
DThe adrenal glands are not able to produce enough cortisol
11.약리학보통
Which group of signs suggests opioid withdrawal?
AYawning, runny nose, sweating, dilated pupils and diarrhoea
BPinpoint pupils, slow breathing and drowsiness
CDry mouth, urinary retention, blurred vision and confusion
DConstipation, itching and a slow heart rate
12.약리학어려움
A patient on weekly methotrexate is prescribed trimethoprim for a urinary infection. What is the main risk?
ABone marrow suppression, because both drugs inhibit folate metabolism
BSevere hypertension from the combination
CLoss of antibiotic effect because methotrexate binds trimethoprim
DHypoglycaemia from reduced liver glucose output
13.내외과: 심혈관계와 호흡기계보통
Which emergency equipment should be kept at the bedside of a patient with a tracheostomy?
AA urinary catheter set, a blood glucose meter and a thermometer
BSpare tubes (same size and one smaller), suction and oxygen
CA nasogastric tube and a feeding pump
DOnly a spare oxygen mask, since the tube rarely causes problems
14.내외과: 심혈관계와 호흡기계어려움
Two days after coronary artery bypass surgery, a patient feels palpitations. The pulse is irregularly irregular at 140/min and BP is 112/70 mmHg. Which rhythm is most likely?
AAtrial fibrillation
BComplete heart block
CSinus tachycardia
DVentricular fibrillation
15.내외과: 신경계, 내분비계, 신장보통
A patient with advanced CKD asks how to manage indigestion. Which option should they avoid?
AEating smaller, more frequent meals
BRaising the head of the bed at night
CAvoiding large meals late in the evening
DMagnesium-containing antacids
16.내외과: 신경계, 내분비계, 신장어려움
A day after a total thyroidectomy, a patient has tingling lips, a positive Chvostek's sign and a corrected calcium of 1.85 mmol/L (about 7.4 mg/dL). What does the nurse expect?
AOral levothyroxine, with a recheck of the calcium in a month
BA loop diuretic to remove the extra calcium
CIV potassium chloride and a fluid restriction
DIV calcium gluconate and monitoring for laryngospasm
17.내외과: 소화기계, 수술 전후, 종양보통
Why are laxatives and enemas avoided when appendicitis is suspected?
AThey always cause the appendix to bleed heavily
BThey make the blood tests impossible to read
CThey may increase the risk of perforation
DThey stop antibiotics from being absorbed
18.내외과: 소화기계, 수술 전후, 종양어려움
An immobile patient on opioids drinks very little. Which laxative choice is least appropriate?
AAn osmotic laxative such as a macrogol
BA bulk-forming laxative used on its own
CA stool softener with a stimulant laxative
DA stimulant laxative taken regularly
19.모성간호학보통
A woman at 28 weeks is Rh-negative and has a positive antibody screen for anti-D. What does this mean?
AThe result is normal and needs no further action
BShe is sensitised; the fetus is watched for anaemia
CHer baby is definitely Rh-negative
DShe needs a double dose of anti-D immunoglobulin
20.모성간호학어려움
A small for gestational age baby is born at term. Which complications should the nurse anticipate?
AHyperglycaemia, fever and anaemia
BHypoglycaemia, hypothermia and polycythaemia
CRespiratory distress from surfactant deficiency only
DMacrosomia and shoulder dystocia
21.아동간호학보통
Which finding may suggest that a school-age child is being bullied?
AEnjoying school clubs and inviting friends home
BArguing with a sibling about the TV remote
CWanting to collect trading cards and play team games with classmates
DNot wanting to go to school, lost belongings and frequent stomach aches
22.아동간호학어려움
A parent asks whether giving paracetamol (acetaminophen) at the first sign of fever will prevent another febrile seizure. What is the best answer?
ANo; it may ease discomfort but does not prevent febrile seizures
BYes, but only if a cold bath is given at the same time
CNo, because paracetamol can cause febrile seizures
DYes; giving it every 4 hours during a fever will always prevent seizures
23.정신건강간호학보통
A patient who started lithium 2 weeks ago has a fine tremor of the hands and is passing more urine than usual. Her level is within the therapeutic range. How should the nurse interpret this?
AThese are definite signs of severe lithium toxicity, so emergency dialysis is needed straight away
BThese are common side effects that are not by themselves signs of toxicity, but they should be reported and monitored
CThese are signs of an allergic reaction, so she should never take lithium again
DThese symptoms mean that the lithium is not working, so the dose should be stopped and a new drug chosen
24.정신건강간호학어려움
A woman who is being abused by her partner says she will not leave him. What is the most appropriate response?
ATell her that she must leave him today or the nurse cannot help her
BCall her partner to discuss his behaviour with him
CRespect her decision, give information about support services and help her make a safety plan
DTell her that if she stays and is hurt again, it will be her own fault because she was warned about the risks
25.간호 수학과 단위 환산보통
연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 환자의 체온이 39.2 °C입니다. °F = °C × 9/5 + 32를 사용하여 화씨 T(으)로 환산하세요. 소수 첫째 자리까지 반올림하세요.
39.2 °C
T = °F
26.간호 수학과 단위 환산어려움
연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 주입이 21:45에 시작하여 다음 날 아침 05:00에 끝납니다(24시간제). 주입은 몇 시간 t 진행되었습니까? 답은 시간 단위의 소수로, 소수 둘째 자리까지 반올림하여 쓰세요.
21:4505:00
t = h
27.투약 용량 계산보통
바이알에 분말 1 g이 들어 있습니다. 라벨에는 주사용수 9.6 mL를 넣으면 총부피가 10 mL가 된다고 적혀 있습니다. 처방은 300 mg입니다. 재구성한 용액을 몇 mL V 투여하나요?
1 g+ 9.6 mL → 10 mL300 mg
V = mL
28.투약 용량 계산어려움
체중 10 kg인 아동에게 5 mL에 100 mg이 들어 있는 경구 현탁액이 회당 5 mg/kg로 처방되었습니다. 투여할 부피 V는 얼마입니까?
10 kg5 mg/kg100 mg/5 mL
V = mL
29.정맥 수액 속도보통
60방울/mL 세트로 1000 mL를 12시간 동안 주입합니다. 점적 속도 R를 분당 방울 수로 구하세요. 가장 가까운 정수로 반올림하세요.
1000 mL12 h60 gtt/mL
R = gtt/min
30.정맥 수액 속도어려움
백에 약물 2 g이 250 mL에 들어 있습니다. 처방은 분당 2 mg입니다. 펌프를 몇 mL/h R로 설정하나요?
2 g/250 mL2 mg/min
R = mL/h
31.수액 요법과 수분 균형보통
연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 기록표는 한 12시간 근무조 동안 환자의 섭취량과 배설량을 보여 줍니다. 환자의 체중은 59 kg입니다. 평균 소변량 U을(를) mL/kg/h 단위로 구하세요. 소수 둘째 자리까지 반올림하세요.
연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 500 mL 백이 펌프로 50 mL/h로 들어가고 있습니다. 14:30에 이미 300 mL가 주입되었습니다. 백이 비기까지 몇 시간 t이(가) 남았나요? 소수 첫째 자리까지 반올림하세요.
500 mL300 mL 주입됨50 mL/h
t = h
33.임상 사정 점수보통
연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 연습용 환자를 Braden 척도로 평가했습니다: 감각 인지: 장애 없음; 습기: 항상 젖어 있음; 활동: 자주 걸음; 이동성: 제한 없음; 영양: 매우 좋음; 마찰과 전단력: 문제 있음. Braden 총점 B을(를) 구하세요.
6–23
B =
34.임상 사정 점수어려움
연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 연습용 환자를 Morse 낙상 척도로 평가했습니다: 최근 3개월 이내의 낙상 병력: 아니요; 이차 진단: 아니요; 보행 보조: 없음, 침상 안정 또는 간호사가 도와줌; 정맥 치료 또는 생리식염수 잠금: 아니요; 걸음걸이: 손상됨; 정신 상태: 자신의 한계를 앎. 기준점 0–24 낮음, 25–44 중등도, 45 이상 높음을 사용하여 낙상 위험 수준을 클릭하세요.
1낮은 위험
2중등도 위험
3높은 위험
3용액
1.기본간호학
답: C · To prevent lumpy fatty swelling that affects absorption
이것이 답인 이유
Injecting in the same place causes lipohypertrophy, which makes absorption unpredictable. Patients rotate within an area and check sites for lumps.
답
C · To prevent lumpy fatty swelling that affects absorption
2.기본간호학
답: B · Accept the report, assess further and offer analgesia
이것이 답인 이유
Pain is what the patient says it is. People cope with pain in different ways, and vital signs often stay normal, especially in chronic pain, so the self-report guides care.
답
B · Accept the report, assess further and offer analgesia
3.감염 관리와 환자 안전
답: D · Secured upright in a stand or holder
이것이 답인 이유
Oxygen cylinders are under high pressure and can be damaged or cause injury if they fall. They are kept upright in a holder or cart, away from heat and flames.
답
D · Secured upright in a stand or holder
4.감염 관리와 환자 안전
답: B · “I can light candles at dinner if my oxygen is turned down low.”
이것이 답인 이유
Oxygen supports combustion, so open flames such as candles, matches, gas stoves and cigarettes must be kept away whatever the flow rate. The other statements are correct.
답
B · “I can light candles at dinner if my oxygen is turned down low.”
5.우선순위 설정과 위임
답: B · An 84-year-old taking a diuretic who has fallen before and gets up at night
이것이 답인 이유
A previous fall is one of the strongest risk factors. Older age, diuretics and getting up at night to urinate add further risk, so this patient needs fall precautions.
답
B · An 84-year-old taking a diuretic who has fallen before and gets up at night
6.우선순위 설정과 위임
답: C · Sweating
이것이 답인 이유
Beta-blockers can hide tachycardia, palpitations and tremor during hypoglycemia. Sweating is mainly cholinergic, so it usually remains, and patients are taught to check glucose when they sweat.
답
C · Sweating
7.임상간호학
답: D · A nebulised or inhaled short-acting beta2-agonist (salbutamol/albuterol)
이것이 답인 이유
Short-acting beta2-agonists relieve bronchospasm within minutes. Oxygen to target, steroids and other treatments are added according to severity.
답
D · A nebulised or inhaled short-acting beta2-agonist (salbutamol/albuterol)
8.임상간호학
답: A · Rapid drainage can cause re-expansion pulmonary oedema
이것이 답인 이유
Draining a large volume quickly can cause re-expansion pulmonary oedema, with cough, chest tightness and hypoxia. Drainage is controlled, and the patient is watched closely.
답
A · Rapid drainage can cause re-expansion pulmonary oedema
9.검사 수치와 전해질
답: C · Serum calcium
이것이 답인 이유
The parathyroid glands can be injured or removed during thyroidectomy, so parathyroid hormone falls and hypocalcemia can follow. The nurse monitors calcium and checks for tingling around the mouth, muscle cramps and Chvostek or Trousseau signs.확인 출처:Hypoparathyroidism · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2026)
답
C · Serum calcium
10.검사 수치와 전해질
답: A · Cortisol is being produced without normal feedback control
이것이 답인 이유
Dexamethasone normally suppresses ACTH and lowers morning cortisol. Failure to suppress suggests autonomous cortisol excess (Cushing syndrome). Further tests then find the source, such as a pituitary or adrenal tumor.
답
A · Cortisol is being produced without normal feedback control
11.약리학
답: A · Yawning, runny nose, sweating, dilated pupils and diarrhoea
이것이 답인 이유
Opioid withdrawal causes rhinorrhoea, lacrimation, yawning, sweating, mydriasis, cramps, diarrhoea and anxiety. It is very unpleasant but rarely life-threatening in healthy adults.
답
A · Yawning, runny nose, sweating, dilated pupils and diarrhoea
12.약리학
답: A · Bone marrow suppression, because both drugs inhibit folate metabolism
이것이 답인 이유
Trimethoprim and methotrexate both inhibit dihydrofolate reductase, and trimethoprim also reduces methotrexate excretion. The combination can cause severe pancytopenia, so another antibiotic is chosen.
답
A · Bone marrow suppression, because both drugs inhibit folate metabolism
13.내외과: 심혈관계와 호흡기계
답: B · Spare tubes (same size and one smaller), suction and oxygen
이것이 답인 이유
Bedside equipment usually includes spare tracheostomy tubes (same size and one size smaller), an obturator if used, suction with catheters, oxygen, a bag-valve-mask and tracheal dilators where policy requires. It is checked at every shift.
답
B · Spare tubes (same size and one smaller), suction and oxygen
14.내외과: 심혈관계와 호흡기계
답: A · Atrial fibrillation
이것이 답인 이유
New atrial fibrillation affects a large proportion of patients in the first days after cardiac surgery, often due to inflammation, electrolyte shifts and stress. Management includes a 12-lead ECG, checking potassium and magnesium, rate or rhythm control and considering anticoagulation.
답
A · Atrial fibrillation
15.내외과: 신경계, 내분비계, 신장
답: D · Magnesium-containing antacids
이것이 답인 이유
Magnesium and aluminium are excreted by the kidneys and can accumulate in kidney failure. Patients with CKD should check with a pharmacist before using over-the-counter remedies, including laxatives and NSAIDs.
답
D · Magnesium-containing antacids
16.내외과: 신경계, 내분비계, 신장
답: D · IV calcium gluconate and monitoring for laryngospasm
이것이 답인 이유
Symptomatic hypocalcaemia is treated with IV calcium gluconate, followed by oral calcium and often vitamin D. Severe hypocalcaemia can cause laryngospasm, seizures and arrhythmias, so the airway and ECG are monitored.
답
D · IV calcium gluconate and monitoring for laryngospasm
17.내외과: 소화기계, 수술 전후, 종양
답: C · They may increase the risk of perforation
이것이 답인 이유
Stimulating peristalsis can raise pressure on an inflamed appendix and may lead to rupture and peritonitis. The patient is kept nil by mouth while awaiting surgical assessment.
답
C · They may increase the risk of perforation
18.내외과: 소화기계, 수술 전후, 종양
답: B · A bulk-forming laxative used on its own
이것이 답인 이유
Bulk-forming laxatives need good fluid intake and mobility and can worsen constipation or cause obstruction without them. They do not counter the effect of opioids on gut movement, so stimulant or osmotic laxatives are preferred.
답
B · A bulk-forming laxative used on its own
19.모성간호학
답: B · She is sensitised; the fetus is watched for anaemia
이것이 답인 이유
If antibodies are already present, anti-D prophylaxis is of no use. Antibody levels are followed and the fetus is monitored for anaemia, often with Doppler of the middle cerebral artery.
답
B · She is sensitised; the fetus is watched for anaemia
20.모성간호학
답: B · Hypoglycaemia, hypothermia and polycythaemia
이것이 답인 이유
SGA babies have low glycogen and fat stores, leading to hypoglycaemia and hypothermia. Chronic intrauterine hypoxia increases red cell production, causing polycythaemia.
답
B · Hypoglycaemia, hypothermia and polycythaemia
21.아동간호학
답: D · Not wanting to go to school, lost belongings and frequent stomach aches
이것이 답인 이유
Children being bullied may refuse school, have unexplained injuries or lost items, complain of headaches or stomach aches, sleep poorly or seem withdrawn. Nurses should ask sensitively and involve parents and school.
답
D · Not wanting to go to school, lost belongings and frequent stomach aches
22.아동간호학
답: A · No; it may ease discomfort but does not prevent febrile seizures
이것이 답인 이유
Antipyretics relieve discomfort but have not been shown to prevent febrile seizure recurrence. Parents are taught seizure first aid, when to call for help and that most febrile seizures are harmless.
답
A · No; it may ease discomfort but does not prevent febrile seizures
23.정신건강간호학
답: B · These are common side effects that are not by themselves signs of toxicity, but they should be reported and monitored
이것이 답인 이유
Fine tremor, thirst, polyuria and mild nausea are common early effects of lithium. A coarse tremor, vomiting, diarrhoea, confusion or unsteadiness suggest toxicity.
답
B · These are common side effects that are not by themselves signs of toxicity, but they should be reported and monitored
24.정신건강간호학
답: C · Respect her decision, give information about support services and help her make a safety plan
이것이 답인 이유
Adults have the right to make their own decisions. Many survivors leave and return several times. The nurse documents carefully, provides resources and a safety plan, and keeps the door open for future help.
답
C · Respect her decision, give information about support services and help her make a safety plan
25.간호 수학과 단위 환산
답: T = 102.6 °F
온도: °C = (°F − 32) × 5/9, °F = °C × 9/5 + 32. °F에서 변환할 때는 곱하기 전에 32를 빼고, °C에서 변환할 때는 곱한 뒤에 32를 더합니다. 빠른 확인: 37 °C는 98.6 °F이고, 1 °C마다 1.8 °F입니다.
9/5를 곱한다
39.2·9/5 = 70.56
32를 더한다
T = 70.56 + 32 = 102.6 °F
답
T = 102.6 °F
26.간호 수학과 단위 환산
답: t = 7.25 h
24시간제: 오후 1시부터는 시각에 12를 더합니다(오후 3:45 = 15:45). 자정부터 오전 12:59는 00:00–00:59이고, 오후 12:00–12:59는 그대로 12:00–12:59입니다. 되돌릴 때는 13–23시에서 12를 빼고 오후를 붙이며, 00시는 오전 12시가 됩니다. 자정을 넘는 시간은 두 부분으로 세세요. 24:00(00:00)까지, 그리고 00:00부터.
자정 전
21:45 → 24:00 = 135 min
자정 후
00:00 → 05:00 = 300 min
합계
135 + 300 = 435 min
t = 435/60 = 7.25 h
답
t = 7.25 h
27.투약 용량 계산
답: V = 3 mL
Dose calculation: the amount to give equals what is prescribed divided by what you have, times the quantity it comes in: amount = (desired dose/stock strength) × stock volume. Always keep the units the same (convert g to mg, mg to mcg first) and check that the answer is sensible.
혼합 후 농도
1000 mg/10 mL = 100 mg/mL
부피
V = 300/100 = 3 mL
답
V = 3 mL
28.투약 용량 계산
답: V = 2.5 mL
투약 용량 계산: 투여량은 처방 용량을 보유 약물의 함량으로 나누고, 그 함량이 들어 있는 양을 곱한 것입니다: 투여량 = (처방 용량/원액 함량) × 원액 부피. 항상 단위를 맞추고(먼저 g을 mg으로, mg을 mcg으로 바꾸기) 답이 타당한지 확인하세요.
체중에 따른 용량
5·10 = 50 mg
부피
V = (50/100)·5 = 2.5 mL
답
V = 2.5 mL
29.정맥 수액 속도
답: R = 83 gtt/min
주입 속도: 펌프는 mL/h = 부피/시간(시간 단위)으로 설정합니다. 중력 점적은 분당 방울 수로 셉니다: gtt/min = 부피(mL) × 점적 계수(gtt/mL)/시간(min). 점적 계수는 수액 세트 포장에 인쇄되어 있습니다: 대점적 세트는 10, 15, 20 gtt/mL(수혈 세트는 미국에서 흔히 10 gtt/mL, 영국에서 15), 미세 점적 세트는 60 gtt/mL입니다. 항상 문제나 포장에 나온 점적 계수를 사용하세요.
분 단위의 시간
12·60 = 720 min
점적 속도
R = 1000·60/720 = 83.33 ≈ 83 gtt/min
답
R = 83 gtt/min
침상에서는 가장 가까운 정수 방울로 맞춥니다: 83방울/분.
30.정맥 수액 속도
답: R = 15 mL/h
Dose-based infusions: concentration = amount of drug in the bag/bag volume. Pump rate (mL/h) = dose per hour/concentration, and dose per hour = mL/h × concentration. Convert per-minute doses to per-hour (× 60) and keep the mass units the same (1 g = 1000 mg, 1 mg = 1000 mcg).
농도
2000 mg/250 mL = 8 mg/mL
시간당 용량
2·60 = 120 mg/h
펌프 속도
R = 120/8 = 15 mL/h
답
R = 15 mL/h
31.수액 요법과 수분 균형
답: U = 1.73 mL/kg/h
섭취량과 배설량: 섭취량에는 들어가는 모든 것(경구 수분, 정맥 주입, 정맥 투약과 플러시, 경관 영양)을 포함하며, 얼음 조각은 부피의 절반으로 계산합니다. 배설량에는 소변, 배액, 구토, 기타 손실이 포함됩니다. 균형 = 총섭취량 − 총배설량이며, 음수이면 순손실입니다. 숫자는 연습용일 뿐입니다. 실제 임상에서는 항상 기관 프로토콜을 따르고 고위험 약물 용량은 이중 확인을 받으세요.
총소변량
450 + 375 + 400 = 1225 mL
킬로그램당 시간당
U = 1225/(59·12) = 1.73 mL/kg/h
답
U = 1.73 mL/kg/h
32.수액 요법과 수분 균형
답: t = 4 h
주입 시간: 시간(h) = 주입할 부피(mL)/속도(mL/h). 백의 용량이 아니라 백에 남아 있는 부피를 쓰세요. 주입된 부피 = 속도 × 시간. 소수 시간은 소수 부분 × 60으로 시와 분으로 바꾸세요(0.5 h = 50분이 아니라 30분). 숫자는 연습용일 뿐입니다. 실제 임상에서는 항상 기관 프로토콜을 따르고 고위험 약물 용량은 이중 확인을 받으세요.
남은 부피
500 − 300 = 200 mL
시간
t = 200/50 = 4 h
답
t = 4 h
약 4 h 00 min이므로 백은 약 18:30에 다 들어갑니다.
33.임상 사정 점수
답: B = 18
Braden 척도: 욕창 위험을 평가하는 여섯 하위 척도입니다. 감각 인지, 습기, 활동, 이동성, 영양은 가장 나쁜 수준(1)부터 문제 없음(4)까지 1–4점으로 채점하고, 마찰과 전단력은 1–3점으로 채점합니다. 총점은 6부터 23까지이며 총점이 낮을수록 위험이 높습니다. 흔한 구간: 19–23 위험 없음, 15–18 경도 위험, 13–14 중등도 위험, 10–12 높은 위험, 9 이하 매우 높은 위험.
각 하위 척도의 점수 매기기
감각 인지: 장애 없음 → 4
습기: 항상 젖어 있음 → 1
활동: 자주 걸음 → 4
이동성: 제한 없음 → 4
영양: 매우 좋음 → 4
마찰과 전단력: 문제 있음 → 1
더하기
Braden 총점 = 4 + 1 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 1 = 18
답
B = 18
34.임상 사정 점수
답: 낮은 위험
Morse 낙상 척도: 여섯 항목입니다. 낙상 병력: 없음 0, 있음 25. 이차 진단: 없음 0, 있음 15. 보행 보조: 없음, 침상 안정 또는 간호사의 도움 0, 목발·지팡이·보행기 15, 가구를 붙잡음 30. 정맥 치료 또는 생리식염수 잠금: 없음 0, 있음 20. 걸음걸이: 정상, 침상 안정 또는 휠체어 0, 약함 10, 손상됨 20. 정신 상태: 자신의 한계를 앎 0, 한계를 과대평가하거나 잊음 15. 총점은 0부터 125까지입니다. 위험 기준점은 병원마다 다르며, 흔한 기준은 0–24 낮음, 25–44 중등도, 45 이상 높음입니다.
각 항목의 점수 매기기
최근 3개월 이내의 낙상 병력: 아니요 → 0
이차 진단: 아니요 → 0
보행 보조: 없음, 침상 안정 또는 간호사가 도와줌 → 0
정맥 치료 또는 생리식염수 잠금: 아니요 → 0
걸음걸이: 손상됨 → 20
정신 상태: 자신의 한계를 앎 → 0
더하기
Morse 총점 = 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 20 + 0 = 20
위험 수준
20 → 낮은 위험
답
낮은 위험
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