NCLEX-PN 스타일 연습 문제 (LPN/LVN): 벼락치기 팩

유치 도뇨관 배액백은 어디에 두어야 하나요?

1. A환자의 배 위에
2. B방광 높이보다 낮게, 바닥에 닿지 않게
3. C침대 옆 바닥에
4. D방광 높이보다 높게

A healthcare assistant (nursing assistant) has recorded a blood pressure of 82/50 mmHg during routine observations but did not report it. What should the registered nurse do first?

1. ARepeat the observations at the next routine time
2. BTalk to the healthcare assistant about reporting
3. CAssess the patient straight away
4. DComplete an incident report

When should blood specimen tubes be labeled?

1. ABy the laboratory staff after the tubes arrive
2. BBack at the station after all the samples are collected
3. CAt the nurses’ station before going to the patient, to save time
4. DAt the bedside, in front of the patient, right after collection

환자에게 hydralazine이 처방되었는데 약제부에서 hydroxyzine을 보냈습니다. 간호사는 어떻게 해야 합니까?

1. A먼저 투약하고 나중에 처방자에게 알린다
2. B투약하지 않고 약제부에 연락해 올바른 약을 받는다
3. C두 약 이름이 거의 같으므로 투약한다
4. D절충안으로 hydroxyzine을 반 용량만 준다

A patient is receiving a blood transfusion. Which task can the nurse delegate to a nursing assistant?

1. ADeciding whether to stop the transfusion if the patient has chills
2. BAssessing the patient for signs of a transfusion reaction
3. CStarting the transfusion once the blood arrives
4. DMeasuring and reporting vital signs at the times set by the nurse

An adult has burns over 40% of the body with no signs of airway injury. Which treatment is the priority during the first hours?

1. AStarting physiotherapy to prevent contractures straight away
2. BLarge-volume IV fluids with close monitoring of urine output
3. CApplying antibiotic cream to all the burns before anything else
4. DGiving a high-protein meal to support healing

How should a nurse communicate with a patient who has impaired hearing?

1. AShout loudly from the end of the bed so they can hear
2. BSpeak very quickly to save time
3. CFace the patient, speak clearly and reduce background noise
4. DTalk to the patient's relative instead of to the patient directly

A patient is recognised by the team as being in the last days of life. Which approach is correct?

1. AReview and stop treatments that no longer help, and focus on comfort
2. BStop all medicines, including pain relief and anti-sickness drugs
3. CAvoid talking with the family about what is happening
4. DContinue all routine blood tests and observations four-hourly

Which change in clotting tests is normal in late pregnancy?

1. APlatelets rise above 600 × 10³/µL
2. BINR rises to about 3.0
3. CFibrinogen and D-dimer rise
4. DaPTT doubles from baseline

아픽사반을 복용하는 환자가 와파린을 복용하는 이웃처럼 왜 정기적인 INR 검사가 필요 없는지 묻습니다. 가장 좋은 설명은 무엇인가요?

1. A아픽사반은 대신 매일 aPTT로 감시한다
2. BINR은 다른 정기 혈액 검사와 함께 몰래 확인된다
3. C아픽사반은 실제로 피를 묽게 하지 않는다
4. D효과가 예측 가능하므로 정기적인 응고 검사가 필요 없다

Why is aspirin avoided in children and teenagers with viral illnesses such as flu or chickenpox?

1. AIt causes grey baby syndrome
2. BIt causes severe, permanent hearing loss in young children
3. CIt stops the vaccine from working
4. DIt is linked to Reye's syndrome, which harms the liver and brain

A patient with diabetic ketoacidosis is about to start an IV insulin infusion. Serum potassium is 3.1 mmol/L (mEq/L). Why is this a concern?

1. AInsulin raises potassium further and can cause cardiac arrest, so the infusion is given faster
2. BPotassium has no link with insulin, so the infusion is started as planned
3. CLow potassium makes insulin ineffective, so a higher dose is needed
4. DInsulin moves potassium into cells, so the level can fall dangerously low

정량 흡입기용 스페이서에 대해 올바른 설명은?

1. A건조 분말 흡입기와 함께 사용하도록 고안되었다
2. B협응이 덜 필요하고 더 많은 약이 폐에 도달한다
3. C스테로이드 예방 흡입기를 완전히 중단해도 된다
4. D한 번 분사할 때마다 약이 평소보다 강해진다

A patient with asthma needs their reliever every three hours and their peak flow is falling well below their personal best. What does their action plan most likely advise?

1. AWait two weeks to see whether it improves without any change
2. BDo extra exercise to open the airways
3. CFollow the worsening-asthma steps and get a same-day review
4. DStop the preventer inhaler for a few days to rest the lungs

C6 급성 척수 손상 환자에서 신경인성 쇼크를 시사하는 양상은?

1. A낮은 혈압, 빠른 맥박, 차갑고 축축한 피부
2. B낮은 혈압, 느린 맥박, 따뜻하고 건조한 피부
3. C높은 혈압, 느린 맥박, 박동성 두통
4. D정상 혈압, 빠른 맥박, 고열

제2형 당뇨병이 있는 고령 환자의 혈당이 48 mmol/L, 삼투압 365 mOsm/kg이고 의미 있는 케톤은 없으며 혼돈이 있습니다. 첫 번째 우선순위는?

1. A뇌부종을 피하기 위한 엄격한 수분 제한
2. B한 시간 안에 혈당을 정상으로 낮추는 많은 양의 정맥 인슐린 일시 투여
3. C삼투압, 나트륨, 혈당을 면밀히 확인하며 신중한 정맥 수액
4. D치료 중 저혈당을 막기 위한 경구 포도당

Which drug class is used to reduce the risk of a first variceal bleed in cirrhosis?

1. AThiazide diuretics
2. BCalcium supplements
3. CProton pump inhibitors
4. DNon-selective beta-blockers

A patient with a leg ulcer has an ABPI of 0.5. The doctor's plan mentions starting strong compression bandages. What should the nurse do?

1. AApply the strongest compression to speed healing
2. BApply compression and elevate the leg above the heart all day
3. CWithhold strong compression and discuss urgent vascular referral
4. DApply compression but only at night

진통 중 경막외 마취를 시작한 뒤 간호사가 관찰해야 할 합병증은 무엇인가요?

1. A방광 감각 증가
2. B산모의 저혈압
3. C산모의 고혈압
4. D산모의 고혈당

Ten days after birth, a woman phones to say her bleeding has suddenly become heavy and bright red with clots, with lower abdominal pain and a temperature of 38.2 °C (100.8 °F). Which response is most appropriate?

1. AReassure her that lochia rubra often returns and review at 6 weeks
2. BTell her it is probably her first period and needs no action
3. CAdvise her to use tampons so the blood loss is easier to measure
4. DAsk her to come in now; retained tissue or infection is possible

Which nursing action is correct for a newborn receiving phototherapy?

1. ACover the eyes, expose as much skin as possible and monitor temperature and hydration
2. BApply a moisturising lotion to the skin before each session to prevent drying under the lights
3. CKeep the baby fully dressed under the lights to prevent heat loss
4. DStop feeds during phototherapy so that bilirubin falls faster

A 4-year-old has had pallor, tiredness, bruising, bone pain and fevers for 3 weeks. What is the most important next step?

1. AAn urgent full blood count to look for leukaemia
2. BIron supplements for 3 months, then review
3. CA course of antibiotics for a viral infection
4. DReassurance that these are growing pains that will pass with time

A patient with narcissistic personality disorder demands that only the senior doctor should speak to him, because the nurses are "beneath him". What is the best approach?

1. AArrange for only the senior doctor to see him from now on
2. BAvoid him as much as possible, because he is rude and unpleasant to the nursing staff
3. CRespond respectfully but firmly, and keep the same expectations as for other patients
4. DTell him that he is not as important as he thinks he is

A man with gambling disorder has lost his savings and has large debts. He tells the nurse, "My family would be better off without me." What should the nurse do?

1. AAsk directly about suicidal thoughts and plans, and assess his risk
2. BChange the subject to his gambling triggers and how to avoid the betting shop
3. CFocus only on helping him create a budget
4. DReassure him that his family will forgive him

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 환자의 체온이 37.3 °C입니다. °F = °C × 9/5 + 32를 사용하여 화씨 T(으)로 환산하세요. 소수 첫째 자리까지 반올림하세요.

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 근무 시간 동안 환자가 6 fl oz / 주스, 1 tsp / 기침 시럽, 1½ tbsp / 액상 보충제을(를) 섭취합니다. 주어진 환산값을 사용하여 mL 단위의 총 경구 섭취량 V을(를) 구하세요.

환자의 체중은 90 kg이고 1회 용량으로 5 mg/kg이 처방되었습니다. 용량 D을 mg으로 구하세요.

처방은 1200 단위이고, 약은 5000 단위/mL로 나옵니다. 1 mL 주사기에 용량을 채우세요: 몇 V를 투여합니까?

수액이 80 mL/h로 처방되었지만 펌프가 없습니다. 15 gtt/mL의 수액 세트로 자연 낙하 주입합니다. 분당 방울 수로 점적 속도 R을 구하세요.

400 mg/500 mL의 주입액이 20 mL/h로 들어갑니다. 환자는 분당 몇 마이크로그램 D을 받나요?

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 기록표는 한 12시간 근무조 동안 환자의 섭취량과 배설량을 보여 줍니다. 정맥 주입은 근무조 내내 표시된 속도로 들어갔습니다. 수분 균형 B = 섭취량 − 배설량을 mL 단위로 구하세요(음수이면 순손실).

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 500 mL 백이 펌프로 50 mL/h로 들어가고 있습니다. 08:30에 이미 300 mL가 주입되었습니다. 백이 비기까지 몇 시간 t이(가) 남았나요? 소수 첫째 자리까지 반올림하세요.

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 다음 관찰 소견에 NEWS2 도표(SpO₂ 척도 1)를 사용하세요: 호흡수 32/min, SpO₂ 89% 보충 산소 투여 중, 혈압 88/52 mmHg, 맥박 58/min, 명료함, 체온 37.0 °C. NEWS2 총점은 얼마입니까?

연습 문제(임의로 만든 값이며 임상 지침이 아닙니다). 연습용 신생아의 출생 1분 소견: 전신의 푸르거나 창백한 피부, 심박동 없음, 자극에 반응 없음, 근긴장도 없이 축 늘어진 사지, 호흡 없음. APGAR를 채점하고 그 점수가 어떻게 해석되는지 클릭하세요.

1. 1안심할 수 있음
2. 2중등도 이상
3. 3낮음