공식 모음, 모든 주제의 핵심 풀이 단계, 연습 문제 14개가 들어 있으며 전체 풀이는 맨 뒤에 있습니다.
Which telephone call should a clinic nurse return first?
A visitor on the ward becomes threatening and shows a knife. What is the nurse’s priority?
A nurse who never had BCG vaccine has a positive tuberculin skin test for the first time. The chest x-ray is clear and there are no symptoms. What does this most likely mean?
백일해가 의심되는 환자가 1인실이 없어 다인실에 있어야 합니다. 감염관리팀에 연락하는 동안 가장 적절한 배치는?
Which instruction is correct for a patient taking an oral potassium chloride supplement?
디곡신을 복용하는 환자의 농도가 1.2 ng/mL, 칼륨이 2.8 mEq/L이고 새로운 빈번한 심실 이소성 박동이 있습니다. 가장 좋은 해석은 무엇인가요?
After a needlestick injury from a patient known to have HIV, why must the nurse report it immediately?
A patient has a painful, punched-out ulcer on the toes, with a cold, pale foot and weak foot pulses. Which type of ulcer is most likely?
COPD 환자에게 보통 권장되는 예방접종은?
A patient with a tracheostomy suddenly becomes distressed, and a suction catheter will not pass down the tube. What should the nurse do first?
Why may a person with long-standing diabetes have a heart attack without typical chest pain?
A patient with a brain tumour on high-dose dexamethasone has a capillary glucose of 16 mmol/L (288 mg/dL). They have no history of diabetes. What is the best explanation?
Which medicine commonly delays wound healing?
Which new prescription for a patient with cirrhosis should the nurse question?
답: C · A parent of a 6-week-old with a temperature of 38.3 °C
A fever in an infant under about 3 months old needs urgent assessment, because serious bacterial infection is more likely and signs can be subtle. The other calls are routine.
답: D · Move away to safety, keep others away and call security or the police
In a threat involving a weapon, staff keep a safe distance, protect patients where possible and call security or the police. Trying to disarm the person puts staff at serious risk.
답: B · Latent TB infection, which is not contagious
A positive skin test with no symptoms and a normal chest x-ray suggests latent TB infection. The person cannot spread TB but should be evaluated for treatment to prevent active disease later.
답: D · 커튼을 치고, 1미터(3피트) 넘게 간격을 두고, 가까이 접촉할 때 마스크를 착용한다
비말주의는 거리, 마스크, 차단막에 중점을 둡니다. 1인실이 선호되므로 감염관리팀에 연락합니다. 환자를 취약한 환자 가까이에 두는 것은 위험합니다.
답: C · Take it with food and a full glass of water, and do not crush extended-release tablets
Oral potassium can irritate the esophagus and stomach, so it is taken with food and plenty of fluid, and extended-release forms are swallowed whole. Most salt substitutes contain potassium chloride and can add to the risk of hyperkalemia.확인 출처: Potassium (drug information) · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2024)
답: B · 낮은 칼륨이 디곡신의 효과를 높이므로 독성일 가능성이 있다
저칼륨혈증은 디곡신이 심장 세포에 결합하는 것을 늘리므로 정상 농도에서도 독성이 생길 수 있습니다. 간호사는 용량을 보류하고 결과를 보고하며 칼륨 보충을 예상합니다.확인 출처: Low blood potassium · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025)
답: C · Post-exposure prophylaxis works best when started as soon as possible
HIV post-exposure prophylaxis should be started as soon as possible after exposure, ideally within hours. Occupational health or the emergency department will assess the risk and arrange follow-up testing.
답: C · An arterial ulcer
Arterial ulcers are usually on the feet or toes, painful and punched-out, with signs of poor perfusion. Venous ulcers are usually around the ankle, shallow and associated with swelling and skin staining.
답: C · 매년 인플루엔자 접종과 폐렴구균 접종
인플루엔자, 폐렴구균 및 국가 예방접종 일정에서 권장하는 그 밖의 호흡기 감염(COVID-19, 고령자의 경우 RSV 등)에 대한 접종은 COPD에서 감염과 악화를 줄입니다.
답: C · Remove the inner cannula
Tracheostomy emergency guidance is to remove the inner cannula first, because it may be blocked with secretions. If the patient does not improve, the cuff is deflated and the tube may need to be removed. Oxygen is applied to the face and the stoma, and emergency help is called.
답: D · Nerve damage can blunt the pain signals
Autonomic neuropathy can make a myocardial infarction "silent" or atypical, with breathlessness, fatigue, nausea or sweating rather than chest pain. A low threshold for an ECG is needed.
답: A · Steroid-induced hyperglycaemia, which needs monitoring and treatment
Glucocorticoids increase glucose production and insulin resistance, so hyperglycaemia is common, often later in the day after a morning dose. Glucose is monitored regularly, and treatment may be needed. Other steroid effects include mood change and gastric irritation.
답: C · Long-term corticosteroids
Corticosteroids suppress the inflammatory phase, collagen formation and immunity, delaying healing and raising infection risk. Other factors include diabetes, smoking, malnutrition, poor perfusion and chemotherapy.
답: D · Regular ibuprofen for back pain
NSAIDs can cause kidney injury, fluid retention and GI bleeding in cirrhosis and should be avoided. Paracetamol at a reduced, carefully reviewed dose is usually preferred for pain.
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