공식 모음, 모든 주제의 핵심 풀이 단계, 연습 문제 14개가 들어 있으며 전체 풀이는 맨 뒤에 있습니다.
Straight after birth, what is the first priority for a healthy-looking newborn?
During surgery under general anesthesia, a patient develops rising end-tidal carbon dioxide, muscle rigidity and a rapidly increasing temperature. Which drug should the nurse anticipate?
Why is keeping a patient warm (normothermia) during surgery part of infection prevention?
Over a few hours, the emergency department sees many previously healthy people with the same unusual severe symptoms. What should the nurse do?
간경변 환자의 알부민이 2.2 g/dL(22 g/L)입니다. 가장 관련 있을 가능성이 높은 소견은 무엇인가요?
The nurse teaches a patient with iron-deficiency anemia who is starting oral iron. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
Why is it important to prevent hypothermia during and after surgery?
A patient has a high fever with rigors, jaundice and right upper quadrant pain. Which condition is most likely?
A patient's ankle–brachial pressure index (ABPI) is 0.6. What does this suggest?
A nurse finds a patient collapsed in bed and unresponsive. What should the nurse do first?
What does a positive pronator drift test show?
A patient with type 1 diabetes has a seizure on the ward. Their capillary glucose is 1.9 mmol/L (34 mg/dL). They cannot swallow. What is the most appropriate treatment?
Why are antiemetics usually given before chemotherapy starts?
In recovery, an awake and anxious patient cannot lift their head, and their breaths are shallow and weak. What is the most likely cause?
답: A · Dry and warm the baby while checking that it is breathing
Breathing and keeping warm come first. Drying stimulates breathing and reduces heat loss; skin-to-skin contact helps. Weighing and routine injections can wait.
답: D · Dantrolene
Malignant hyperthermia is a reaction to some anesthetic agents that causes hypermetabolism. The triggering drug is stopped and dantrolene is given, with active cooling and support.
답: A · Low body temperature reduces blood flow and immune function in the wound
Hypothermia causes vasoconstriction and less oxygen in the wound, which weakens the immune defense. Keeping the patient warm is linked to fewer surgical site infections.
답: A · Report it to infection prevention and public health authorities promptly
Clusters of similar unusual illness can signal an outbreak or bioterrorism. Early reporting allows public health to investigate, guide precautions and treatment, and protect the community.
답: D · 부종과 복수
알부민은 체액을 혈관 안에 유지하는 교질삼투압의 대부분을 제공합니다. 알부민이 낮으면 체액이 조직과 복강으로 새어 나가 부종과 복수가 생기며, 간경변에서는 문맥압 항진도 함께 있습니다.확인 출처: Albumin Blood Test · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2024)
답: D · "I'll take my iron tablet with a big glass of milk"
Calcium in milk, as well as antacids and tea, reduces iron absorption, so iron should not be taken with them. Vitamin C improves absorption, dark stools are expected, and iron overdose is a serious poisoning risk in young children.확인 출처: Iron deficiency anemia - Medical Encyclopedia · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025); Iron in diet - Medical Encyclopedia · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025)
답: B · It increases the risk of wound infection, bleeding and cardiac complications
Inadvertent perioperative hypothermia impairs clotting and immune function and increases cardiac events and wound infection. Patients are warmed actively and their temperature monitored.
답: B · Ascending cholangitis
Fever, jaundice and right upper quadrant pain (Charcot's triad) suggest infection of an obstructed bile duct. It can rapidly cause sepsis and needs antibiotics and biliary drainage.
답: B · Significant peripheral arterial disease
An ABPI of roughly 1.0–1.3 is normal, and below 0.9 indicates peripheral arterial disease; lower values mean more severe disease. A value above about 1.3 suggests calcified, incompressible vessels, common in diabetes, and is unreliable.
답: A · Shout for help, open the airway and check breathing for up to 10 seconds
In hospital, the nurse shouts for help, opens the airway and looks for normal breathing (and a pulse if trained) for up to 10 seconds. If the patient is not breathing normally, the arrest team is called and CPR started, with a defibrillator brought as soon as possible.
답: B · Subtle weakness in one arm
When a weak arm drifts down and turns palm-down (pronates), it suggests a mild upper motor neuron weakness, for example from a stroke. It can detect weakness that is not obvious on routine testing.
답: B · IV glucose or IM glucagon, then recheck the glucose
Severe hypoglycaemia can cause seizures. A patient who cannot swallow needs IV glucose, or IM glucagon if there is no IV access. Nothing should be put in the mouth of a fitting or unconscious patient. Glucose is rechecked and a long-acting carbohydrate is given when safe.
답: D · Preventing nausea works better than treating it later
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting is better prevented than treated. Antiemetics are given before treatment and regularly afterwards, according to how emetogenic the regimen is.
답: C · Residual neuromuscular blockade
Remaining muscle relaxant causes weakness, poor head lift and shallow breathing in an awake patient. The nurse supports breathing, gives oxygen and calls the anaesthetist, who may give a reversal agent.
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