공식 모음, 모든 주제의 핵심 풀이 단계, 연습 문제 14개가 들어 있으며 전체 풀이는 맨 뒤에 있습니다.
A nurse cannot read part of a medication order. What should the nurse do?
A patient takes lithium. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
How does a nurse add a sterile gauze pack to a sterile field that is already set up?
A nurse discovers that an insulin infusion was programmed using the wrong drug concentration in the pump library. What should the nurse do first?
A patient on peritoneal dialysis notices that the drained fluid is cloudy and has abdominal pain. What should the nurse do?
A patient on warfarin with an INR of 3.6 fell and hit their head an hour ago. They now report a worsening headache and drowsiness. What is the priority?
A patient on haemodialysis has an arteriovenous fistula in the left arm. Which nursing care is correct?
A patient has a full-thickness burn all the way round the forearm. Which complication must be watched for closely?
After an above-knee amputation, which measure helps prevent a hip flexion contracture?
NSTEMI 후 관상동맥 스텐트를 삽입한 환자가 왜 항혈소판제를 두 가지 복용하는지 묻습니다. 가장 정확한 답은?
A man starts tamsulosin for BPH. Which teaching point is most important?
A patient with lung cancer is confused, dehydrated and constipated, with a corrected calcium of 3.4 mmol/L (about 13.6 mg/dL). What is usually the first treatment?
Why is a pregnancy test often done before surgery in women who could be pregnant?
A patient with gastric outlet obstruction has vomited repeatedly for several days. Which blood picture is most likely?
답: C · Contact the prescriber to clarify the order before giving the drug
An unclear order must be clarified with the prescriber before the medication is given. Guessing or ignoring the order can harm the patient.
답: C · “I will take ibuprofen every day for my headaches.”
NSAIDs such as ibuprofen can raise lithium levels and cause toxicity. Steady fluid and salt intake and regular blood tests help keep levels safe.
답: C · Open the wrapper away from the field and drop the item on it without reaching over
The nurse opens the package so the sterile item can be dropped onto the field from a short height, without the wrapper or arms crossing over the sterile area. The item must land well inside the non-sterile border.
답: C · Stop the infusion and check the patient’s blood glucose
A concentration error means the dose delivered was wrong. The nurse stops the infusion, assesses the patient including blood glucose, treats as needed, notifies the prescriber and reports the event.
답: C · Send the fluid for cell count and culture and report it
Cloudy effluent with abdominal pain suggests peritonitis, the main serious complication of peritoneal dialysis. A sample is sent for white cell count, Gram stain and culture, and antibiotics (often given in the dialysis fluid) are started as prescribed.확인 출처: Dialysis - peritoneal · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2024)
답: A · Report urgently for imaging and possible reversal
A head injury in an anticoagulated patient, with worsening headache and drowsiness, suggests intracranial bleeding. The provider is told at once, neurological checks are done often, urgent imaging is arranged, and warfarin reversal (vitamin K and a prothrombin complex concentrate) may be prescribed.확인 출처: Taking warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven) - what to ask your doctor · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025); Prothrombin Time Test and INR (PT/INR) · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2024)
답: C · Avoid blood pressure readings and blood samples on that arm
The fistula arm is protected from pressure, cannulas and blood tests to prevent damage and clotting. Nurses check for a palpable thrill and audible bruit, which show it is working.
답: C · Loss of circulation to the hand as swelling builds under tight burned skin
Circumferential full-thickness burns form a tight eschar that acts like a tourniquet as oedema develops. Neurovascular checks are needed, and escharotomy may be required.
답: B · Lying prone for periods and avoiding pillows under the stump
Prolonged hip flexion, such as long periods sitting or a pillow under the stump, can lead to a fixed contracture that makes fitting a prosthesis difficult. Lying prone for periods, keeping the hip extended and early physiotherapy help prevent it.
답: B · 두 경로를 차단하여 스텐트를 보호하지만 출혈 위험이 커진다
이중 항혈소판 요법(아스피린과 클로피도그렐, 티카그렐러, 프라수그렐 같은 P2Y₁₂ 억제제)은 재발 사건과 스텐트 혈전증을 줄이며 보통 최대 12개월간 씁니다. 출혈 위험을 높이므로, 특히 스텐트 시술 후에는 심장내과의 조언 없이 일찍 중단해서는 안 됩니다.
답: A · Stand up slowly, because it can make you dizzy
Tamsulosin relaxes smooth muscle in the prostate and bladder neck, improving urine flow within days. It can cause postural hypotension and dizziness, especially after the first dose, so patients rise slowly.
답: D · IV fluids to rehydrate the patient
Hypercalcaemia causes polyuria and dehydration, which worsen the high calcium. IV fluids are the first step, followed by a bisphosphonate to reduce bone resorption. Calcium is rechecked regularly.
답: B · Anaesthesia, drugs and some tests may harm a fetus
Unknown pregnancy can change the decision to operate, the timing, and the choice of drugs and X-rays. Testing is offered with consent, according to local policy.
답: C · Low chloride, low potassium and metabolic alkalosis
Loss of gastric acid causes a hypochloraemic metabolic alkalosis. Hypokalaemia follows from vomiting and kidney potassium loss as the body tries to save volume. Treatment includes IV saline with potassium.
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