공식 모음, 모든 주제의 핵심 풀이 단계, 연습 문제 14개가 들어 있으며 전체 풀이는 맨 뒤에 있습니다.
Which telephone call should a clinic nurse return first?
A patient who is 7 weeks pregnant has one-sided lower abdominal pain, pain in the shoulder tip, a heart rate of 120/min and a blood pressure of 88/54 mmHg. What is most likely?
활동성 폐결핵 환자가 영상의학과에 가야 합니다. 환자를 어떻게 이송해야 합니까?
간호사가 복도 화재 현장에 도착했는데 불이 번지고 있습니다. 근처 병실에 환자들이 있습니다. 경보를 울린 후 간호사는 무엇을 해야 합니까?
A patient with chronic kidney disease has a potassium of 5.6 mEq/L. Which food should the nurse advise the patient to limit?
A patient with acute pancreatitis has a rising BUN, a falling calcium and a glucose of 250 mg/dL (13.9 mmol/L) over the first 48 hours. What do these results suggest?
A patient with anaphylaxis is hypotensive but has no breathing difficulty. How should they be positioned?
A patient starting a DOAC is taught about missed doses. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
A patient has chest pain at rest in the early morning with brief ST elevation that resolves. Coronary arteries are later found to be clear. Which condition is most likely?
A fit 24-year-old marathon runner has a resting heart rate of 46/min on admission for minor surgery. He has no dizziness, chest pain or breathlessness, and his BP is 118/70 mmHg. What is the appropriate response?
A patient taking sodium valproate becomes tired and is vomiting, and the nurse notices yellowing of the eyes. What is the main concern?
A patient on warfarin starts levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. What should the nurse expect to monitor more closely?
Which nursing care helps a new skin graft take?
A patient with lung cancer becomes hypotensive and breathless, with distended neck veins and quiet heart sounds. What should the nurse suspect?
답: A · A parent of a 6-week-old with a temperature of 38.3 °C
A fever in an infant under about 3 months old needs urgent assessment, because serious bacterial infection is more likely and signs can be subtle. The other calls are routine.
답: C · A ruptured ectopic pregnancy
A ruptured ectopic pregnancy causes internal bleeding, with abdominal pain, shoulder-tip pain and signs of shock. It is a surgical emergency.
답: B · 수술용 마스크를 착용시키고 영상의학과에 미리 알린다
이송하는 동안 환자는 호흡기 입자를 가두기 위해 수술용 마스크를 착용하고, 받는 부서에는 미리 알려 직원과 다른 환자를 보호할 수 있게 합니다. 환자를 돌보는 직원은 밀착 검사를 마친 호흡보호구를 착용합니다.
답: C · 문을 닫고 위험에 처한 환자를 방화문 뒤로 수평 이동시킨다
문을 닫으면 연기와 불의 확산이 느려집니다. 즉각 위험에 처한 환자는 방화문 뒤의 안전한 구역으로 수평 이동시키고, 필요하면 추가로 대피시킵니다. 엘리베이터는 사용하지 않으며, 번지는 불은 소방관에게 맡깁니다.
답: D · Bananas
Bananas, oranges, potatoes, tomatoes, dried fruit and beans are high in potassium. Apples, white rice and cabbage are lower-potassium choices that are commonly allowed on a potassium-restricted diet.확인 출처: Potassium in diet · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2026); Chronic kidney disease · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025)
답: A · Increasingly severe pancreatitis
Rising BUN (fluid loss and kidney injury), low calcium and hyperglycemia are markers of more severe pancreatitis in scoring systems. The nurse monitors fluid balance, vital signs and organ function closely and reports deterioration.확인 출처: Acute pancreatitis · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025); BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2024)
답: A · Lying flat, with the legs raised
Lying flat with the legs raised supports circulation in anaphylactic shock. Patients with breathing difficulty may prefer to sit up, but should not stand or walk, as this can cause collapse.
답: C · "If I forget a dose, I'll take two the next day to catch up."
Doubling up on an anticoagulant increases the bleeding risk. Patients follow the specific missed-dose advice for their drug and never take a double dose.
답: B · Vasospastic (Prinzmetal) angina
Vasospastic angina is caused by temporary coronary artery spasm, often at rest or at night, with transient ST elevation. It responds to calcium channel blockers and nitrates. Triggers include smoking, cold and cocaine.
답: C · Document and report it, as this is often normal in an athlete
Endurance training increases vagal tone and stroke volume, so resting rates in the 40s can be normal. Without symptoms or haemodynamic compromise, no treatment is needed, though it is recorded and the team informed. Symptomatic bradycardia is treated.
답: C · Liver toxicity from valproate
Valproate can cause serious liver injury, especially early in treatment. Jaundice, vomiting, lethargy or abdominal pain need urgent review and liver function tests. Pancreatitis is another rare but serious effect.
답: D · The INR, because it may rise
As thyroid function returns to normal, clotting factors are broken down faster, which increases the effect of warfarin. The INR is checked more often and the warfarin dose may need to be reduced.
답: C · Keeping the area still and avoiding shearing forces
Grafts need close contact with the wound bed to gain a new blood supply. Immobilisation, careful dressings and avoiding friction, shearing and collections under the graft help it take.
답: A · Cardiac tamponade from a pericardial effusion
Malignant pericardial effusion can compress the heart, causing hypotension, raised JVP and muffled heart sounds. It is an emergency needing urgent echocardiography and drainage (pericardiocentesis).
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