정답이 있는 감염 관리와 환자 안전 학습지

환자안전에서 “공정 문화(just culture)”란?

1. A직원의 사기를 위해 오류를 절대 논의하지 않는다
2. B모든 오류는 당사자에 대한 공식 처벌로 이어진다
3. C의사만 오류를 보고하고 간호사는 의사에게 알린다
4. D오류를 공개적으로 보고하고 시스템을 고치되, 무모한 행위는 여전히 다룬다

Why are patients usually kept nil by mouth (NPO) for a period before general anesthesia?

1. ATo make the patient lose weight before surgery
2. BTo reduce the risk of aspirating stomach contents
3. CTo lower the risk of a wound infection
4. DTo prevent the patient from needing the toilet

Which precautions are used for a patient with mumps?

1. AAirborne precautions
2. BDroplet precautions
3. CContact precautions only
4. DStandard precautions only

A nurse gives part of a dose of an opioid from a vial and must discard the rest. What is correct?

1. AKeep the rest for the patient’s next dose
2. BReturn the rest to the patient’s medication drawer
3. CDiscard it alone in the sink and document the amount wasted later in the shift
4. DDiscard it in front of a second licensed (registered) nurse, who witnesses and documents it

Which nursing care reduces the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia?

1. ALeaving secretions in the mouth to protect the airway
2. BLying the patient flat for most of the day
3. CChanging the ventilator circuit every few hours
4. DRegular oral care to reduce bacteria in the mouth

A patient in bed has a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. What should the nurse do?

1. ATurn the patient on their side and protect them from injury without restraining
2. BHold the arms and legs firmly to stop the movements
3. CGive sips of water to keep the airway moist
4. DPut a padded tongue blade between the teeth to protect the tongue from biting

Ten minutes into a red blood cell transfusion, the patient reports chills and low back pain and has a new fever. What should the nurse do first?

1. ASlow the transfusion and recheck vital signs in 15 minutes
2. BStop the transfusion
3. CCall the blood bank and let the transfusion continue
4. DGive an antipyretic and continue the transfusion

서로 다른 약의 비슷하게 생긴 바이알 두 개가 나란히 보관되어 있어 간호사가 하마터면 잘못된 것을 집을 뻔했습니다. 공정 문화를 가장 잘 반영하는 대응은?

1. A간호사에게 더 조심하라고 말하고 다른 조치는 하지 않는다
2. B잘못된 바이알을 집을 뻔한 간호사를 징계한다
3. C병동의 평판을 지키기 위해 사건을 조용히 덮는다
4. D보고하고 바이알을 분리 보관하는 등 시스템을 개선한다