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Why can bilirubin appear in the urine in obstructive jaundice but not in hemolytic jaundice?

1. AUnconjugated bilirubin is broken down in the bladder
2. BOnly conjugated bilirubin is water soluble and filtered
3. CThe kidneys are always damaged in obstructive jaundice
4. DHemolysis stops the kidneys making any urine at all

A raised neutrophil count (neutrophilia) is most typical of:

1. AVitamin B₁₂ deficiency
2. BA mild viral cold
3. CAcute bacterial infection
4. DHay fever and asthma

A raised serum uric acid is most closely linked to which condition?

1. AOsteoporosis
2. BIron-deficiency anemia
3. CHypothyroidism
4. DGout

In the third trimester of pregnancy, a woman's alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is about twice the usual adult range, and the other liver tests are normal. What is the best interpretation?

1. AA normal rise from placental ALP
2. BA sign of new bone cancer
3. CA sign of acute viral hepatitis
4. DA sign of blocked bile ducts

Which finding during a transfusion suggests transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO)?

1. ABack pain with dark red urine output
2. BCrackles, hypertension and a raised BNP
3. CA low temperature and slow heart rate
4. DHives and itching without other signs

After surgery for colon cancer, a patient's CEA had fallen to normal, but it has been rising over the last two checks. What does this most likely suggest?

1. AA sign of iron deficiency from the earlier bleeding
2. BPossible recurrence that needs further assessment
3. CA normal change after surgery that needs no follow-up
4. DA sure sign that the cancer has been fully cured

A patient on stable digoxin starts amiodarone. A week later, the patient has nausea and visual changes, and the digoxin level is above the range. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AAmiodarone has lowered potassium only
2. BAmiodarone has raised the digoxin level
3. CThe patient has started a viral illness
4. DDigoxin has raised the amiodarone level

A patient has a hematocrit of 60% and a raised red cell mass. Which result suggests polycythemia vera rather than secondary polycythemia from chronic hypoxia?

1. AA low erythropoietin level
2. BA high erythropoietin level
3. CA low oxygen saturation
4. DA high carboxyhemoglobin