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Below about which blood glucose level is hypoglycemia usually defined and treated in a person with diabetes?

1. A100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L)
2. B40 mg/dL (2.2 mmol/L)
3. C70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L)
4. D126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L)

Where does most of the ammonia in the blood come from, and which organ removes it?

1. ARed cell breakdown in the spleen; removed by the skin
2. BFat breakdown in adipose tissue; removed by the lungs
3. CProtein breakdown by gut bacteria; removed by the liver
4. DGlucose breakdown in muscle; removed by the pancreas

A low mean corpuscular volume (MCV) means that:

1. AThe red cells are smaller than normal (microcytic)
2. BThe red cells are larger than normal (macrocytic)
3. CThe red cells contain more hemoglobin than normal
4. DThe bone marrow is making too many white cells

환자의 헤모글로빈이 7.8 g/dL(78 g/L)입니다. 간호사가 예상하는 소견은 무엇인가요?

1. A가려움, 노란 피부, 짙은 소변
2. B느린 심박수, 붉어진 피부, 높은 혈압
3. C피로, 창백, 빠른 심박수, 활동 시 호흡곤란
4. D두통, 코피, 붉은 얼굴

A patient with suspected pulmonary TB needs sputum samples for acid-fast bacilli. Which instruction is correct?

1. AGive one sample after brushing with mouthwash so it is clean
2. BGive several samples of nasal mucus blown into a tissue
3. CGive one sample of saliva collected from the mouth at any time of day
4. DGive several deep-cough samples, often first thing in the morning

Which finding during a transfusion suggests transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO)?

1. AHives and itching without other signs
2. BBack pain with dark red urine output
3. CA low temperature and slow heart rate
4. DCrackles, hypertension and a raised BNP

Ten days after chemotherapy, a patient has a platelet count of 9 × 10³/µL and reports a sudden severe headache and blurred vision. What is the priority?

1. ADim the lights and encourage rest, as headaches are common after chemotherapy
2. BAssess neurological status and report it at once as possible brain bleeding
3. CGive acetaminophen (paracetamol) for the headache and reassess in 1 hour
4. DEncourage the patient to drink more fluids and check the blood pressure later

A patient has sudden episodes of severe headache, sweating, palpitations and very high blood pressure. Which test is most useful to look for the cause?

1. ASerum calcium only
2. BSerum TSH and free T₄
3. CPlasma free metanephrines
4. DFasting lipid profile