정답이 있는 내외과: 심혈관계와 호흡기계 학습지

Where is the apex beat normally felt in an adult?

1. AOver the middle of the breastbone
2. BJust below the right nipple
3. CThe second intercostal space to the right of the sternum
4. DThe fifth intercostal space in the left mid-clavicular line

What does a "reliever" inhaler do in asthma?

1. AIt kills bacteria in the airways
2. BIt reduces the airway inflammation steadily over several weeks
3. CIt relaxes the airway muscles quickly to ease symptoms
4. DIt thins the mucus over several days

Which chest X-ray finding is classic for sarcoidosis?

1. AEnlarged lymph nodes at both lung hila
2. BA single round mass in one apex
3. CA visible edge of collapsed lung
4. DA completely white lung on one side

A patient uses a glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) patch for angina. Why is it usually removed for several hours each day?

1. AThe skin needs a break to absorb a larger dose
2. BIt lowers the risk of a high potassium level
3. CA nitrate-free interval prevents tolerance
4. DThe patch works only during the night

정량 흡입기용 스페이서에 대해 올바른 설명은?

1. A건조 분말 흡입기와 함께 사용하도록 고안되었다
2. B협응이 덜 필요하고 더 많은 약이 폐에 도달한다
3. C스테로이드 예방 흡입기를 완전히 중단해도 된다
4. D한 번 분사할 때마다 약이 평소보다 강해진다

환자의 혈압이 200/125 mmHg이며 새로 혼돈과 시야 흐림이 생겼습니다. 보통 어떻게 혈압을 낮춥니까?

1. A용량을 조절하는 정맥 약물로 첫 1시간 동안 최대 약 25%까지
2. B몇 분 안에 정상 수치로 최대한 빠르게
3. C뇌가 이제 높은 압력에 의존하므로 전혀 낮추지 않음
4. D새 경구 정제를 주고 일주일 뒤 재방문

On a ventilated patient, the end-tidal CO₂ waveform suddenly drops to zero. What should the nurse suspect first?

1. AA rise in the patient's body temperature over the last hour
2. BNormal variation that needs no action
3. CTube displacement, disconnection or obstruction
4. DA sudden improvement in the patient's lung function

Four surgical patients need VTE prevention. For which patient is mechanical prophylaxis alone most appropriate?

1. AA patient with cancer having bowel surgery
2. BA patient who had a brain haemorrhage two days ago
3. CA patient after an uncomplicated knee replacement
4. DAn obese patient after hip surgery