정답이 있는 내외과: 심혈관계와 호흡기계 학습지

Which sign often appears earliest in hypovolaemic shock in an adult?

1. AA systolic pressure below 70 mmHg
2. BA rising heart rate
3. CA slow, bounding pulse
4. DFixed, dilated pupils

What does a nebuliser do?

1. AIt sucks secretions out of the airway
2. BIt warms and filters the air entering a tracheostomy tube
3. CIt turns a liquid medicine into a fine mist to breathe in
4. DIt measures the level of oxygen in the blood through the skin

Which definition best describes heart failure?

1. AThe heart has completely stopped beating and there is no pulse
2. BThe heart beats faster than 150 beats per minute for over an hour
3. CA coronary artery is suddenly blocked by a clot
4. DThe heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs

A patient who had a leg amputation says they feel burning pain in the missing foot. What is the best response?

1. AExplain that phantom limb pain is real and arrange treatment
2. BTell the patient the pain must be imaginary as the foot has gone
3. CExplain that burning pain in the missing foot shows wound infection
4. DAdvise that it will be ignored until it stops

A patient with stable angina is afraid nicotine patches will harm their heart. Which reply is most accurate?

1. APeople with angina must stop smoking without any help
2. BNicotine replacement only works if smoking continues
3. CNicotine patches are much more harmful to the heart than cigarettes
4. DNicotine replacement is much safer than smoking and is recommended

Virchow's triad describes three factors that promote venous thrombosis. Which patient factor represents venous stasis?

1. ADamage to a vein during hip surgery
2. BAn inherited clotting disorder
3. CImmobility after major surgery
4. DTaking an oestrogen-containing pill

A 25-year-old non-smoker has wheeze and cough that come and go, worse at night and after exercise. Spirometry improves markedly after a bronchodilator. Which diagnosis is most likely?

1. ACOPD
2. BAsthma
3. CIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
4. DHeart failure

A patient has been on continuous NIV via a full-face mask for two days. Which nursing measure helps prevent the most common complication?

1. ARemove the mask for an hour each time the alarm sounds
2. BCheck mask fit and protect the bridge of the nose
3. CTighten the straps as far as they will go to stop any leak
4. DUse the same mask size for every patient