정답이 있는 내외과: 심혈관계와 호흡기계 학습지

What is the normal duration of the QRS complex on an adult ECG?

1. ABetween 0.20 and 0.40 seconds
2. BLess than 0.12 seconds
3. CMore than 0.50 seconds
4. DExactly 1 second

What is the approximate tidal volume of a resting adult?

1. AAbout 50 mL
2. BAbout 5 litres
3. CAbout 1.5 litres
4. DAbout 500 mL

What is the normal PR interval on an adult ECG?

1. A0.02–0.06 seconds
2. B1.0–1.2 seconds
3. C0.12–0.20 seconds
4. D0.40–0.60 seconds

Which investigation is usually used to confirm a deep vein thrombosis in the leg?

1. AAn exercise ECG
2. BA lung function test
3. CCompression duplex ultrasound
4. DA plain chest X-ray and an ECG

A patient uses a salbutamol (albuterol) inhaler and a steroid inhaler at the same times each day. Which order is usually taught?

1. ABoth inhalers puffed together in one breath
2. BThe order makes no difference to either drug
3. CSalbutamol first, then the steroid after a short wait
4. DSteroid first, then salbutamol straight afterwards

중증 COPD 환자에게 소량씩 자주 먹도록 권하는 이유는?

1. A위가 가득 차면 가로막이 제한되고 식사가 힘들기 때문
2. B많은 식사가 기도를 영구적으로 좁아지게 하기 때문
3. C잦은 식사가 폐 감염을 직접 예방하기 때문
4. D소량 식사가 흡입기를 쓰는 횟수를 줄이기 때문

On day 2 after a surgical tracheostomy, the tube falls out. The patient is breathing but distressed. What should the nurse do first?

1. ALeave the patient alone while fetching a new tube
2. BForce the tube back through the stoma immediately with firm pressure
3. CCall for expert help and give oxygen to both the face and the stoma
4. DCover the stoma completely with a sealed dressing and wait for help

A patient with both COPD and heart disease is more breathless, with bilateral basal crackles, raised JVP, ankle swelling and a markedly raised NT-proBNP. Which problem is most likely driving this episode?

1. ADecompensated heart failure
2. BAn asthma attack
3. CA primary spontaneous pneumothorax
4. DHyperventilation from anxiety