정답이 있는 내외과: 심혈관계와 호흡기계 학습지

During cardiac arrest, how is adrenaline (epinephrine) usually given?

1. AIntravenously or by the intraosseous route
2. BBy mouth, crushed and given with water
3. CBy inhalation through a nebuliser mask
4. DBy subcutaneous injection into the abdomen

Which colour change is typical of Raynaud's phenomenon?

1. AFingers turn yellow, then green, then brown
2. BFingers stay red and hot for several days
3. CThe whole arm turns pale and then black
4. DFingers turn white, then blue, then red

What is the normal PR interval on an adult ECG?

1. A0.40–0.60 seconds
2. B0.12–0.20 seconds
3. C1.0–1.2 seconds
4. D0.02–0.06 seconds

A patient has just started an ACE inhibitor. Which blood tests are usually checked within the first one to two weeks?

1. APotassium and creatinine
2. BLiver enzymes and amylase
3. CTroponin and creatine kinase
4. DINR and platelet count

A patient in cardiac rehabilitation asks how hard to exercise. Which simple guide is commonly taught?

1. AExercise until chest pain starts, then stop
2. BExercise so they are a little breathless but can still talk
3. CExercise until they are too breathless to speak at all
4. DExercise only until the heart rate rises even slightly

최근 뇌졸중이 있고 삼킴곤란이 있는 환자에게 열과 우하엽 수포음이 생겼습니다. 가장 가능성 높은 원인은?

1. A흡인성 폐렴
2. B좌심실부전
3. C급성 천식
4. D폐색전증

A patient receiving noradrenaline (norepinephrine) through a peripheral cannula has pale, cold skin around the site. What should the nurse do?

1. AStop it at that site, inform the team and follow the extravasation policy
2. BContinue the infusion, as this is expected
3. CMassage the area firmly to spread the drug out into the surrounding tissue
4. DIncrease the rate so the drug enters the vein faster and leaks less

Two days after coronary artery bypass surgery, a patient feels palpitations. The pulse is irregularly irregular at 140/min and BP is 112/70 mmHg. Which rhythm is most likely?

1. ASinus tachycardia
2. BVentricular fibrillation
3. CComplete heart block
4. DAtrial fibrillation