정답이 있는 내외과: 심혈관계와 호흡기계 학습지

Which serious complication is strongly linked with untreated hypertension?

1. AAsthma
2. BStroke
3. CPneumonia
4. DCataract

흉관 배액통의 수봉실에서 “요동(swinging, tidaling)”이란?

1. A환자의 호흡과 상관없이 계속되는 기포
2. B배액관을 따라 움직이는 혈액 덩어리
3. C호흡에 따라 액면이 오르내리는 것
4. D환자가 걸을 때 배액통이 흔들리는 것

Which of these is a common allergic trigger of asthma?

1. AHouse dust mite
2. BWearing cotton clothes
3. CDrinking water
4. DEating rice

A patient has a prosthetic heart valve. Which teaching best reduces the risk of infective endocarditis?

1. ATake a daily antibiotic tablet indefinitely
2. BAvoid all physical exercise for the rest of their life
3. CKeep teeth and gums healthy with regular dental check-ups
4. DAvoid eating dairy products and raw vegetables

Why is a non-selective beta-blocker such as propranolol usually avoided in a patient with asthma?

1. AIt raises the heart rate sharply during an acute asthma attack
2. BIt can cause bronchospasm by blocking beta-2 receptors
3. CIt thickens airway mucus by drying the airways
4. DIt makes inhaled corticosteroids work too strongly

Why must anti-embolism stockings be measured and fitted correctly?

1. APoorly fitting stockings can cause pressure damage
2. BTight stockings work better, so the smallest size is always best
3. CLoose stockings make the patient's legs too warm at night
4. DCorrect fit is needed only to improve the appearance

Three hours after femoral cardiac catheterisation, a patient has new lower back and flank pain, a heart rate of 112/min and BP 92/60 mmHg. The groin looks normal. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ANormal back ache from lying flat
2. BAn allergic reaction to the contrast
3. CRetroperitoneal bleeding
4. DA urinary tract infection

A patient with COPD who is known to retain CO₂ arrives on 15 L/min oxygen. They are now drowsy with SpO₂ 99%. What is the most appropriate action?

1. ARemove the oxygen completely and observe
2. BKeep the oxygen at 15 L/min because the saturation is excellent
3. CGive a sedative to help the patient rest
4. DReduce the oxygen to aim for 88–92% and get a blood gas