정답이 있는 내외과: 심혈관계와 호흡기계 학습지

What is bronchiectasis?

1. ADestruction of the alveolar walls with air trapping
2. BA tumour of the main bronchus
3. CPermanent widening of the bronchi with chronic sputum
4. DA brief spasm of the airways that fully reverses with treatment

Which three signs make up Beck's triad in cardiac tamponade?

1. AHigh blood pressure, a slow pulse and irregular breathing
2. BLow blood pressure, distended neck veins and muffled heart sounds
3. CChest pain, ST elevation and raised troponin
4. DFever, a new heart murmur and splinter haemorrhages under the nails

In a healthy person, what is the main chemical stimulus for breathing?

1. AA falling level of potassium in the blood
2. BA rising level of oxygen in the blood
3. CA rising level of carbon dioxide in the blood
4. DA falling level of glucose in the blood after fasting

Why must intravenous potassium chloride never be given as a rapid push or undiluted?

1. AIt turns into solid crystals inside the vein and blocks it
2. BA sudden high potassium level can cause cardiac arrest
3. CIt immediately lowers the blood glucose to dangerous levels
4. DIt works only when given by mouth

In heart failure, why does activation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system worsen symptoms over time?

1. AIt makes the kidneys pass too much dilute urine each day
2. BIt slows the heart rate dangerously
3. CIt causes sodium and water retention and vasoconstriction
4. DIt lowers the blood pressure to very low levels over time

정맥성 다리 궤양에 압박 요법을 적용하기 전에 꼭 필요한 평가는?

1. A전혈구 검사와 CRP
2. B발목-상완 혈압지수(ABPI)
3. C배양 및 감수성 검사를 위한 상처 도말
4. D흉부 X선과 심전도

A nurse teaches a patient who has a new permanent pacemaker. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will tell staff about the device before any MRI scan."
2. B"I will keep my follow-up appointments for device checks."
3. C"I will keep my mobile phone in my shirt pocket over the device."
4. D"I will carry my pacemaker identification card with me at all times."

환자의 흉관이 실수로 빠졌습니다. 즉시 해야 할 행동은?

1. A갇힌 공기가 빠져나가도록 구멍을 덮지 않고 둔다
2. B멸균 폐쇄 드레싱으로 부위를 막고 도움을 요청한다
3. C폐가 펴지도록 환자에게 세게 기침하게 한다
4. D배액관을 흉부 안으로 다시 밀어 넣고 테이프로 고정한다