정답이 있는 내외과: 소화기계, 수술 전후, 종양 학습지

돌발 통증(breakthrough pain)이란?

1. A수술 중에만 느끼는 통증
2. B규칙적인 기본 진통에도 불구하고 나타나는 통증의 급격한 악화
3. C진통제 알레르기로만 생기는 통증
4. D규칙적인 치료로 완전히 사라진 통증

How is hepatitis B mainly spread?

1. AThrough blood, sexual contact and from mother to baby
2. BThrough touching door handles and shaking hands
3. COnly by coughing and sneezing
4. DOnly by eating undercooked shellfish from polluted water

What is dumping syndrome after gastric surgery?

1. ARapid passage of food from the stomach into the small bowel
2. BReflux of bowel contents back into the oesophagus
3. CLeakage of bile from the liver into the abdominal cavity
4. DSlow emptying of the stomach causing food to stay for days

Why is it important to prevent perioperative hypothermia?

1. AIt makes patients wake up from the anaesthetic too quickly
2. BIt lowers the risk of pain after surgery
3. CIt reduces the amount of anaesthetic needed, which is unsafe
4. DIt increases bleeding, wound infection and heart complications

After laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a patient has pain in the right shoulder. What is the most likely cause?

1. AAn allergy to the dressing on the wound
2. BA heart attack during the operation
3. CA dislocated shoulder from patient positioning
4. DGas used during surgery irritating the diaphragm

Why is the "whoosh" test no longer used to check nasogastric tube position?

1. AAir can be heard even when the tube is in the lung
2. BIt needs an X-ray machine at the bedside
3. CThe air always makes the tube block
4. DThe test is far too painful for most patients to tolerate

수술 후 아편유사제 PCA로 호흡 억제가 생길 위험이 가장 높은 환자는?

1. A다른 의학적 문제가 없고 파라세타몰을 받는 환자
2. B수개월 동안 규칙적으로 아편유사제를 써 온 젊은 환자
3. C통증 점수가 8/10이며 완전히 깨어 있고 명료한 환자
4. D수면무호흡이 있고 진정제도 복용 중인 아편유사제 미사용 고령 환자

While a central line is disconnected, a patient suddenly becomes breathless with chest pain and hypotension. Air embolism is suspected. What should the nurse do first?

1. ARemove the central line straight away and leave the site open to the air
2. BGive the patient a drink and observe for an hour
3. CClamp the line, lie the patient left side down, head low; give oxygen
4. DSit the patient fully upright and flush the line