정답이 있는 내외과: 소화기계, 수술 전후, 종양 학습지

What is a Hartmann's procedure?

1. AJoining the stomach directly to the small bowel
2. BPlacing a stent in the bile duct
3. CRemoval of the gallbladder through several small abdominal incisions
4. DRemoval of part of the colon with an end colostomy and rectal stump

In TNM staging of cancer, what does "N" describe?

1. AThe number of tumours in the body
2. BThe nerve damage caused by the tumour
3. CThe new cells formed after treatment
4. DSpread to nearby lymph nodes

What is an anastomosis in bowel surgery?

1. AAn opening of the bowel onto the skin
2. BA tube placed in the bowel for feeding
3. CA drain placed beside the bowel
4. DA surgical join between two ends of bowel

What is achalasia?

1. AWeakness of the lower oesophageal sphincter that allows reflux
2. BInflammation of the oesophagus caused by a fungal infection
3. CFailure of the lower oesophageal sphincter to relax on swallowing
4. DA tear at the junction of the oesophagus and the stomach

간경변 환자의 출혈 위험이 높은 이유는?

1. A흉터가 진 간이 헤파린 같은 항응고 물질을 혈액으로 방출하기 때문
2. B간경변이 혈소판 수를 높여 혈소판을 약하게 하기 때문
3. C응고인자 감소, 낮은 혈소판, 문맥 고혈압으로 인한 정맥류
4. D간경변의 높은 동맥압이 혈관을 터뜨리기 때문

A patient with obstructive sleep apnoea is admitted for surgery. Which instruction is most appropriate?

1. AAvoid sleeping at all on the night after surgery
2. BLie flat on their back for the first night
3. CBring their CPAP machine to use after surgery
4. DStop all pain relief for the first three days

Which group of signs suggests that a patient is entering the last days of life?

1. AClearer thinking and increased movement
2. BHigh blood pressure and very fast weight gain
3. CReduced intake, mottled skin and changes in breathing
4. DRising appetite, more energy and normal skin colour and warmth

A patient with long-standing chronic pancreatitis now has weight loss, thirst and passing large volumes of urine. What should the nurse check first?

1. APeak expiratory flow
2. BAbdominal girth
3. CSerum amylase level
4. DCapillary blood glucose