정답이 있는 내외과: 소화기계, 수술 전후, 종양 학습지

What is the main serious risk of paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose?

1. AStomach bleeding
2. BLiver damage
3. CRespiratory depression
4. DHearing loss

In TNM staging of cancer, what does "N" describe?

1. AThe number of tumours in the body
2. BSpread to nearby lymph nodes
3. CThe new cells formed after treatment
4. DThe nerve damage caused by the tumour

Which features are typical of a superficial partial-thickness burn?

1. ARedness only, with no blisters, like sunburn
2. BDry, white, leathery skin with no pain
3. CBlisters, a moist pink base and severe pain
4. DCharred skin with exposed muscle and bone

Why are carbohydrate drinks often given before surgery in enhanced recovery programmes?

1. ATo replace the need for any IV fluids afterwards
2. BTo reduce insulin resistance and improve recovery
3. CTo make the bowels open before the operation
4. DTo raise the blood pressure during the anaesthetic

Why is a urinary catheter usually inserted in a patient with a major burn?

1. ABurns always cause the bladder to rupture
2. BIt is needed to give medicines into the bladder
3. CHourly urine output guides fluid resuscitation
4. DThe catheter prevents wound infection

삼출물이 많은 상처에 일반적으로 적합한 드레싱은?

1. A매주 교체하는 마른 거즈
2. B알지네이트 또는 폼
3. C얇은 투명 필름
4. D하이드로겔 시트

장 폐색 환자에게 지속적인 심한 통증(더 이상 산통이 아님), 발열, 심박수 120회/분, 단단하고 압통이 있는 복부가 생겼습니다. 이는 무엇을 시사합니까?

1. A긴급 외과적 검토가 필요한 교액 또는 천공
2. B규칙적인 단순 진통만 필요한 정상 경과
3. C장이 움직이기 시작하며 폐색이 해소되고 있음
4. D자극성 완하제로 치료해야 하는 변비

After surgery, a patient says they have "no pain" but grimaces, breathes shallowly and refuses to move or cough. What should the nurse do?

1. AAccept the statement and record a pain score of 0
2. BInsist they walk without any analgesia
3. CExplore their beliefs and explain how analgesia aids recovery
4. DTell the patient firmly that they must stop hiding their pain from staff