정답이 있는 내외과: 소화기계, 수술 전후, 종양 학습지

Which tool helps assess pain in a person with advanced dementia who cannot report it?

1. AAn observational scale such as PAINAD or Abbey
2. BA numerical rating scale from 0 to 10, read out slowly
3. CThe Glasgow Coma Scale, scored every hour
4. DThe MUST nutrition score

환자 조절 진통(PCA) 펌프의 버튼은 누가 눌러야 합니까?

1. A환자가 자는 동안 보호자
2. B환자만
3. C환자가 부탁한 방문객
4. D매 근무 시작 때 간호사

Which lifestyle advice helps reduce night-time reflux symptoms?

1. ASleep flat on several pillows placed under the knees
2. BNo food for 3 hours before bed, with the head of the bed raised
3. CHave the largest meal of the day just before going to bed to aid sleep
4. DDrink a large glass of fizzy water before lying down

What does "neoadjuvant" treatment mean?

1. ATreatment given only for pain relief
2. BTreatment before the main treatment, often to shrink the tumour
3. CTreatment that is given only after the cancer has already spread
4. DTreatment that is given instead of any surgery

Which instruction is important during bowel preparation for colonoscopy?

1. AAvoid all fluids for 24 hours before the test
2. BEat a high-fibre meal the evening before the test
3. CTake the preparation only if the bowels have not opened
4. DDrink plenty of clear fluids while taking the preparation

When breaking bad news, what is the first step in frameworks such as SPIKES?

1. AAsk the family to decide what the patient should be told
2. BSet up a private setting with enough time
3. CGive all treatment options before checking understanding
4. DGive the diagnosis as quickly as possible in the corridor

전립선암이 알려진 환자가 새로 생겨 악화되는 요통과 다리 근력 약화를 호소합니다. 가장 중요한 행동은?

1. A요통은 흔하고 심각하지 않다고 안심시킨다
2. B척수 압박 가능성. 상급자에게 보고하고, 처방에 따라 스테로이드를 주고, 긴급 MRI를 한다
3. C다음 달에 요통에 대한 일상 물리치료를 준비한다
4. D집에서 쉬며 파라세타몰을 먹고 다음 외래 때 검토하라고 조언한다

A patient who takes NSAIDs suddenly develops severe epigastric pain, a rigid abdomen and shoulder-tip pain. Which finding would most support the likely diagnosis?

1. ATall, peaked T waves on a 12-lead ECG
2. BFluid levels in the bladder on an ultrasound scan
3. CFree air under the diaphragm on an erect chest X-ray
4. DA raised serum lipase three times the upper limit