정답이 있는 내외과: 신경계, 내분비계, 신장 학습지

Which symptoms are typical of uraemia in advanced kidney disease?

1. AExcess thirst with a very high glucose
2. BHeat intolerance, tremor and weight loss
3. CSevere flank pain with visible blood in the urine
4. DItching, nausea, tiredness and poor appetite

After an acute stroke, what must happen before the patient is given food, drink or oral medicines?

1. AA full set of blood tests
2. BA swallow screen by a trained professional
3. CA chest X-ray to check the lungs
4. DA check that bowel sounds are present in all four quadrants

How is the headache of a subarachnoid haemorrhage typically described?

1. ASlowly worsening over several weeks, worst in the morning
2. BSudden and severe, reaching its peak within about a minute
3. CA tight band around the head that comes and goes
4. DOne-sided and throbbing, with an aura beforehand

DKA 치료 중 혈당이 약 14 mmol/L(약 250 mg/dL) 아래로 떨어졌지만 케톤은 여전히 높습니다. 보통 어떻게 합니까?

1. A환자가 식사를 하고 정맥 치료를 중단한다
2. B수액에 포도당을 추가하고 인슐린은 계속한다
3. C인슐린 주입을 즉시 중단한다
4. D수분 과다를 피하려고 모든 정맥 수액을 중단한다

Why might a patient bleed more from the needle sites straight after haemodialysis?

1. ADialysis removes all the platelets from the blood
2. BThe fistula has been damaged and must be tied off
3. CDialysis raises the blood pressure sharply for several hours
4. DHeparin is often used to stop the circuit from clotting

A woman who takes the combined contraceptive pill is starting carbamazepine. What should she be taught?

1. AThere is no interaction between these two medicines
2. BShe should take both at the same time so they are absorbed together
3. CCarbamazepine can make the pill less effective, so other contraception is needed
4. DThe pill makes carbamazepine toxic, so she must stop the pill

A patient with a subarachnoid haemorrhage develops a low sodium. Why is fluid restriction usually avoided in this patient?

1. AFluid restriction would cause the aneurysm to re-bleed
2. BLow blood volume can worsen vasospasm and brain ischaemia
3. CLow sodium in this condition always corrects itself
4. DFluid restriction raises the risk of seizures

A nurse teaches a woman with recurrent UTIs. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will drink enough fluids during the day."
2. B"I will hold my urine for as long as I can."
3. C"I will pass urine soon after sex."
4. D"I will wipe from front to back."