정답이 있는 내외과: 신경계, 내분비계, 신장 학습지

Which is a common cause of a low potassium level?

1. ATaking a loop diuretic such as furosemide
2. BAddison's disease
3. CTaking an ACE inhibitor such as ramipril
4. DAdvanced chronic kidney disease

What is exophthalmos?

1. ABulging of the eyes
2. BYellowing of the eyes
3. CDrooping of one eyelid
4. DLoss of the outer eyebrows

In countries with enough iodine in the diet, what is the most common cause of hypothyroidism?

1. AA pituitary tumour pressing on the gland
2. BAutoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto's)
3. CToo much iodine in salt
4. DThyroid cancer

A patient with atrial fibrillation has had an ischaemic stroke. Which long-term medicine type most reduces the risk of another stroke?

1. AAn oral anticoagulant
2. BA proton pump inhibitor
3. CA beta-agonist inhaler
4. DA loop diuretic

A patient takes an SGLT2 inhibitor. Which sick-day advice is correct?

1. AKeep taking it as normal, whatever the illness
2. BStop drinking fluids while taking the drug
3. CDouble the dose during illness to control the glucose
4. DPause the drug during illness with vomiting or poor intake

Before a haemodialysis catheter is used, why is the lock solution withdrawn from each lumen?

1. AIt contains a strong antibiotic that must be kept
2. BIt contains concentrated anticoagulant
3. CIt contains the patient's urine
4. DIt contains air that keeps the line open

제2형 당뇨병이 있는 고령 환자의 혈당이 48 mmol/L, 삼투압 365 mOsm/kg이고 의미 있는 케톤은 없으며 혼돈이 있습니다. 첫 번째 우선순위는?

1. A치료 중 저혈당을 막기 위한 경구 포도당
2. B뇌부종을 피하기 위한 엄격한 수분 제한
3. C한 시간 안에 혈당을 정상으로 낮추는 많은 양의 정맥 인슐린 일시 투여
4. D삼투압, 나트륨, 혈당을 면밀히 확인하며 신중한 정맥 수액

A patient with Parkinson's disease becomes agitated and confused at night. Which newly prescribed drug should the nurse question?

1. AHaloperidol
2. BParacetamol (acetaminophen)
3. CLactulose
4. DMelatonin