정답이 있는 내외과: 신경계, 내분비계, 신장 학습지

Why does a patient with a kidney transplant need lifelong medicines?

1. ATo stop the immune system rejecting the new kidney
2. BTo prevent kidney stones in the new kidney
3. CTo help the new kidney make more urine each day
4. DTo keep the blood pressure low enough

급성 신손상(AKI)이란?

1. A수년에 걸친 신기능의 느리고 영구적인 소실
2. B기능 변화가 없는 신장 결석
3. C신장 조직의 세균 감염
4. D몇 시간에서 며칠에 걸친 신기능의 급격한 감소

Which description fits a cluster headache?

1. AA slowly worsening headache over months with vomiting in the morning
2. BA mild band-like ache across both sides of the head
3. CSevere one-sided pain around the eye with a watery eye
4. DA throbbing headache on both sides after drinking coffee

Why is IV calcium gluconate given in severe hyperkalaemia?

1. AIt moves potassium into the cells
2. BIt removes potassium through the kidneys
3. CIt binds potassium in the gut
4. DIt protects the heart from arrhythmias

A urine dipstick is positive for nitrites. What does this suggest?

1. AThe patient is dehydrated and needs more fluid
2. BThe urine has a lot of glucose in it
3. CThe kidneys are losing too much protein
4. DBacteria that convert nitrate are present

Why is an ACE inhibitor often given to a patient with diabetes and albumin in the urine?

1. AIt raises potassium to protect the heart
2. BIt lowers the blood glucose to normal
3. CIt protects the kidneys and reduces albumin loss
4. DIt stops the kidneys from passing so much urine at night

A patient on haemodialysis is on a medical ward. Which task can the registered nurse delegate to a healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. ADeciding which morning medicines to hold
2. BTeaching the patient about fluid restriction
3. CWeighing the patient before they go to dialysis
4. DAssessing the thrill and bruit of the fistula

A patient arrives five hours after the onset of a stroke. A CT angiogram shows a blockage of a large artery in the brain. What is the most appropriate next step?

1. AGive aspirin and plan a review on the ward tomorrow
2. BNo treatment, because the time for any reperfusion has passed
3. CUrgent referral for assessment for mechanical thrombectomy
4. DStart IV alteplase immediately without further imaging