정답이 있는 내외과: 신경계, 내분비계, 신장 학습지

Which cranial nerve makes the pupil constrict in response to light?

1. ATrochlear nerve (IV)
2. BOptic nerve (II) alone
3. CAbducens nerve (VI)
4. DOculomotor nerve (III)

How do sulfonylureas such as gliclazide lower blood glucose?

1. AThey make the pancreas release more insulin
2. BThey replace insulin that the body lacks
3. CThey slow down the absorption of food
4. DThey make the kidneys pass more glucose

Which symptoms in a patient with back pain suggest cauda equina syndrome?

1. AMild stiffness in the morning that soon wears off
2. BBack pain that eases when walking around the house
3. CPain that is worse after a long day at work
4. DNumbness between the legs and new bladder problems

A patient with severe vomiting and diarrhoea takes ramipril, furosemide and metformin. Which advice is correct?

1. ADouble the furosemide to prevent fluid retention
2. BPause these medicines until eating and drinking again
3. CAdd ibuprofen to treat the abdominal cramps
4. DKeep taking everything as normal and drink less

Which finding most suggests fluid overload in a patient with chronic kidney disease?

1. AA dry mouth and a low blood pressure when standing
2. BDark yellow urine and thirst
3. CA weight loss of 1 kg (2.2 lb) after a hot day
4. DA weight gain of 2 kg (4.4 lb) in two days with ankle swelling

요붕증과 SIADH를 가장 잘 구별하는 소변 소견은?

1. A요붕증은 소변 내 포도당, SIADH는 단백질
2. B요붕증은 묽은 소변, SIADH는 농축된 소변
3. C두 질환 모두 매우 농축된 소변
4. D요붕증은 농축된 소변, SIADH는 묽은 소변

A patient with Parkinson's disease becomes agitated and confused at night. Which newly prescribed drug should the nurse question?

1. ALactulose
2. BMelatonin
3. CParacetamol (acetaminophen)
4. DHaloperidol

A patient with an external ventricular drain sat up in bed without help. The drain stayed at its old height, and the drainage bag filled quickly. The patient now has a headache. What is the concern?

1. AOverdrainage of CSF, so act per protocol and inform the team
2. BAn infected drain, so the dressing should be removed
3. CNo concern, because more drainage always lowers the ICP safely
4. DUnderdrainage, so the drain should be lowered further