정답이 있는 내외과: 신경계, 내분비계, 신장 학습지

뇌졸중에서 혈전용해 전에 머리 CT를 먼저 찍어야 하는 이유는?

1. A혈전용해로 악화될 출혈을 배제하기 위해
2. B환자가 이전에 뇌졸중을 겪었는지 확인하기 위해
3. C증상이 얼마 전에 시작되었는지 측정하기 위해
4. D환자에게 두개골 골절도 있는지 보기 위해

Which isolation precautions are used for a patient with suspected meningococcal meningitis?

1. AAirborne precautions in a negative pressure room for 2 weeks
2. BDroplet precautions until about 24 hours of effective antibiotics
3. CContact precautions only, with gloves for skin contact
4. DNo extra precautions, because it is not infectious

Why can a new arteriovenous fistula not be used straight away?

1. AThe stitches must be removed first
2. BThe arm must be in plaster for a month
3. CThe vein needs weeks to enlarge and thicken
4. DThe artery must first grow back to its full size

A patient has just started haemodialysis. What usually happens to their protein needs?

1. AThey increase, because dialysis removes amino acids
2. BProtein must be replaced only by IV infusion
3. CThey stay exactly the same as they were before dialysis
4. DThey fall to almost zero to rest the kidneys

Why might a patient taking a beta-blocker not notice a hypoglycaemic episode?

1. ABeta-blockers raise blood glucose, so hypos cannot happen
2. BBeta-blockers can mask the tremor and racing heart of a hypo
3. CBeta-blockers make the patient sleep through every hypo
4. DBeta-blockers block the effect of all diabetes medicines

Why does a patient with untreated hypothyroidism need extra care when given opioids or sedatives?

1. AThere is no difference compared with other patients
2. BThey break the drugs down slowly and are more sensitive to them
3. CThey clear the drugs too fast, so higher doses are needed
4. DThese drugs make the thyroid gland overactive

뇌졸중이 의심되는 환자가 발병 두 시간 후에 도착했습니다. 모세혈관 혈당은 2.4 mmol/L(43 mg/dL)입니다. 다음에 해야 할 일은?

1. A추가 확인 없이 즉시 혈전용해를 한다
2. B뇌세포를 보호하기 위해 정맥 인슐린을 준다
3. C뇌졸중 평가와 관련이 없으므로 혈당을 무시한다
4. D낮은 혈당을 치료하고 신경학적 징후를 재평가한다

A patient who has taken prednisolone daily for years is vomiting and cannot keep tablets down. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the tablets again after every vomit
2. BEscalate urgently for steroid by injection
3. COmit the steroid until the vomiting stops
4. DGive the next dose with a glass of milk