정답이 있는 내외과: 신경계, 내분비계, 신장 학습지

Which eGFR defines stage 5 chronic kidney disease (kidney failure)?

1. ABelow 120 mL/min/1.73 m²
2. BBelow 90 mL/min/1.73 m²
3. CBelow 15 mL/min/1.73 m²
4. DBelow 60 mL/min/1.73 m²

What is an early sign of kidney damage from diabetes?

1. AA very low blood urea level
2. BPain felt in both kidneys at night
3. CBlood in the urine that is visible
4. DSmall amounts of albumin in the urine

What does aldosterone do?

1. ALowers the blood calcium after meals
2. BRaises the blood glucose between meals
3. CMakes the kidneys keep sodium and lose potassium
4. DMakes the kidneys lose sodium and keep potassium

Why might a patient taking a beta-blocker not notice a hypoglycaemic episode?

1. ABeta-blockers block the effect of all diabetes medicines
2. BBeta-blockers raise blood glucose, so hypos cannot happen
3. CBeta-blockers can mask the tremor and racing heart of a hypo
4. DBeta-blockers make the patient sleep through every hypo

A patient with Conn's syndrome starts spironolactone. Which blood test should the nurse watch most closely?

1. AGlucose
2. BCalcium
3. CAmylase
4. DPotassium

Which long-term risk should a kidney transplant recipient be taught to reduce with sun protection?

1. AGout
2. BKidney stones
3. CHair loss
4. DSkin cancer

경추 골절로 헤일로 조끼(halo vest)를 착용한 환자에게 심정지가 생겼습니다. 즉시 사용할 수 있어야 하는 것은?

1. A두개골 핀을 자르기 위한 가위
2. B머리와 어깨를 올릴 베개
3. C심폐소생술을 위해 조끼 앞쪽을 여는 도구
4. D조끼 밑에 밀어 넣을 딱딱한 판

A patient with a subarachnoid haemorrhage develops a low sodium. Why is fluid restriction usually avoided in this patient?

1. ALow blood volume can worsen vasospasm and brain ischaemia
2. BFluid restriction would cause the aneurysm to re-bleed
3. CFluid restriction raises the risk of seizures
4. DLow sodium in this condition always corrects itself