정답이 있는 내외과: 신경계, 내분비계, 신장 학습지

Why should insulin injection sites be rotated?

1. ATo avoid building up an immune response to the insulin
2. BTo prevent fatty lumps that absorb insulin unevenly
3. CTo stop the insulin from spreading to other organs
4. DTo make the insulin work faster each time

What is the main cause of the movement problems in Parkinson's disease?

1. ALoss of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra
2. BLoss of the myelin sheath around nerves in the brain and spinal cord
3. CAntibodies that attack acetylcholine receptors in muscle
4. DToo much dopamine released in the basal ganglia

Why can a new arteriovenous fistula not be used straight away?

1. AThe stitches must be removed first
2. BThe arm must be in plaster for a month
3. CThe artery must first grow back to its full size
4. DThe vein needs weeks to enlarge and thicken

Which signs suggest rejection of a kidney transplant?

1. AA cough, wheeze and a runny nose with sneezing
2. BA rash on the face after sun exposure
3. CMore urine, a falling creatinine and weight loss
4. DLess urine, a rising creatinine and a tender graft

A patient has had a calcium oxalate kidney stone. Which advice best helps prevent another?

1. ACut all calcium out of the diet
2. BDrink only a little to avoid diluting the urine
3. CDrink plenty of fluid so the urine stays pale
4. DTake extra vitamin C supplements

A patient taking warfarin is diagnosed with an intracerebral haemorrhage. What is the priority treatment?

1. ADoubling the warfarin dose to stabilise the INR
2. BIV thrombolysis within 4.5 hours
3. CStarting aspirin to prevent further clots
4. DUrgent reversal of the anticoagulant effect

Which patient on a stroke unit is most at risk of falling?

1. AA patient with a TIA whose symptoms resolved completely yesterday
2. BA patient with mild dysarthria who walks steadily with a frame
3. CA patient with a right-hemisphere stroke who is impulsive and denies having weakness
4. DA patient with a left-hemisphere stroke who has expressive aphasia and waits for help

뇌졸중이 의심되는 환자가 발병 두 시간 후에 도착했습니다. 모세혈관 혈당은 2.4 mmol/L(43 mg/dL)입니다. 다음에 해야 할 일은?

1. A추가 확인 없이 즉시 혈전용해를 한다
2. B뇌세포를 보호하기 위해 정맥 인슐린을 준다
3. C뇌졸중 평가와 관련이 없으므로 혈당을 무시한다
4. D낮은 혈당을 치료하고 신경학적 징후를 재평가한다