정답이 있는 내외과: 신경계, 내분비계, 신장 학습지

Which side effect of metformin is most common?

1. ANausea and diarrhoea
2. BA dry cough at night
3. CWeight gain and oedema
4. DGum overgrowth and a rash

What is urge incontinence?

1. ADribbling because the bladder never empties
2. BA sudden, strong need to pass urine, followed by leaking
3. CLeaking because the toilet is too far away
4. DLeaking only when laughing, coughing or lifting heavy objects

Which description best fits type 2 diabetes?

1. AToo much insulin released after meals
2. BA total lack of insulin from birth
3. CAutoimmune destruction of all beta cells in childhood
4. DInsulin resistance with a relative lack of insulin

A patient with migraine takes painkillers or triptans on most days and now has a headache almost every day. What is the likely problem?

1. ANormal progress of migraine
2. BAn allergy to the painkillers
3. CA brain tumour, which is almost certain
4. DMedication overuse headache

A patient with a suspected basal skull fracture needs a gastric tube. Which route is preferred?

1. AThrough the nose with a guidewire
2. BThrough a fine-bore nasal tube
3. CThrough the nose (nasogastric)
4. DThrough the mouth (orogastric)

A patient on ciclosporin or tacrolimus asks about grapefruit juice. Which advice is correct?

1. ADrink it daily to protect the kidney
2. BIt has no effect on these drugs
3. CAvoid it, because it can raise the drug levels
4. DDrink it with each dose to improve the absorption

A nurse teaches a patient about peritoneal dialysis. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will check my exit site every day."
2. B"I will wash my hands carefully before each exchange."
3. C"I will weigh myself daily and record my fluid balance."
4. D"If the fluid is cloudy, I'll see if it clears next time."

Which patient on a stroke unit is most at risk of falling?

1. AA patient with a TIA whose symptoms resolved completely yesterday
2. BA patient with mild dysarthria who walks steadily with a frame
3. CA patient with a left-hemisphere stroke who has expressive aphasia and waits for help
4. DA patient with a right-hemisphere stroke who is impulsive and denies having weakness