1.Prioritetų nustatymas ir delegavimasVidutinis
A patient is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis. Which prescribed treatment is usually started first?
- AOral potassium tablets
- BSubcutaneous long-acting insulin only, given once
- CA high-carbohydrate meal
- DIV isotonic fluid such as 0,9% sodium chloride
2.Prioritetų nustatymas ir delegavimasSunkus
A patient with known abdominal aortic aneurysm suddenly has severe back pain, a pulsing mass in the abdomen and a falling blood pressure. What should the nurse do?
- ACall for emergency help at once and prepare for urgent surgery
- BPalpate the mass firmly to check its size and spread
- CEncourage the patient to walk to ease the back pain
- DGive an oral analgesic and reassess the patient in about one hour
3.Infekcijų kontrolė ir pacientų saugaVidutinis
A newly hired nurse had BCG vaccine as a child. Which TB screening test is usually preferred?
- AAn interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) blood test
- BNo screening, because BCG prevents all TB
- CA tuberculin skin test, which is read 24 hours after it is placed
- DA chest x-ray every month for the first year
4.Infekcijų kontrolė ir pacientų saugaSunkus
A patient has a rash, and both smallpox and chickenpox are considered. Which finding suggests smallpox?
- ALesions at different stages, most dense on the trunk
- BLesions all at the same stage, most dense on the face and limbs
- CA rash that is very itchy and starts on the trunk
- DSmall crops of new lesions appearing over several days in a row
5.Laboratorinės reikšmės ir elektrolitaiVidutinis
A young adult with new diabetes has a very low C-peptide level. What does this suggest?
- AThe patient has high insulin resistance, as in type 2 diabetes
- BThe kidneys are excreting all of the patient's insulin in urine
- CThe patient is injecting too much insulin and needs a lower dose
- DThe pancreas is making very little insulin, as in type 1 diabetes
6.Laboratorinės reikšmės ir elektrolitaiSunkus
A patient on clozapine reports a sore throat and fever. The ANC is 400/µL (0,4 × 10⁹/L). What should the nurse do?
- AHalve the dose and give it with a throat lozenge
- BGive the dose with food to protect the stomach
- CHold the clozapine and report the result at once
- DGive the next dose and recheck the ANC next month
7.Klinikinė slaugaVidutinis
Which side effect is associated with SGLT2 inhibitors such as dapagliflozin?
- ABradycardia
- BGenital fungal infections
- CHair loss
- DSevere weight gain and fluid retention
8.Klinikinė slaugaSunkus
Which sign is often a late finding in hypovolaemic shock in a young, previously fit adult?
- AA rise in heart rate
- BCool peripheries
- CA fall in blood pressure
- DA slightly raised respiratory rate
9.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemosVidutinis
How does digoxin help a patient with atrial fibrillation and heart failure?
- AIt slows AV node conduction and increases contractility
- BIt dissolves clots that have formed in the left atrium
- CIt lowers potassium to stabilise the heart
- DIt speeds conduction through the AV node to the ventricles
10.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemosSunkus
Pacientas, sveikstantis po miokardo infarkto, nerimauja dėl grįžimo į įprastą gyvenimą. Kuri intervencija geriausiai palaiko sveikimą?
- ASiuntimas į kardiologinę reabilitaciją
- BPatarimas tris mėnesius gulėti lovoje
- CPatarimas nustoti vartoti tabletes, kai tik pasijunta gerai
- DPatarimas visam laikui vengti bet kokio fizinio krūvio
11.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: nervų, endokrininė ir inkstų sistemosVidutinis
Before a haemodialysis catheter is used, why is the lock solution withdrawn from each lumen?
- AIt contains air that keeps the line open
- BIt contains a strong antibiotic that must be kept
- CIt contains concentrated anticoagulant
- DIt contains the patient's urine
12.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: nervų, endokrininė ir inkstų sistemosSunkus
At bedtime, a patient was given their rapid-acting insulin by mistake instead of their long-acting insulin. What should the nurse do?
- AGive the long-acting dose as well and check glucose at breakfast
- BGive glucagon now, before the glucose has fallen
- CTell the prescriber and check glucose often overnight
- DSay nothing, because the patient is asleep and seems fine
13.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: virškinimo trakto, perioperacinė ir onkologinėVidutinis
Why are urinary catheters removed as early as possible after surgery?
- ABecause the catheter stops the bowel working
- BBecause patients cannot drink normally while a catheter is in place
- CTo reduce the risk of catheter-associated infection
- DBecause catheters always cause kidney stones
14.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: virškinimo trakto, perioperacinė ir onkologinėSunkus
Bendrosios nejautros metu pacientui atsiranda žandikaulio rigidiškumas, didėja pabaigos iškvėpimo CO₂ ir tachikardija, tada sparčiai kyla temperatūra. Kuris vaistas yra specifinis gydymas?
- AParacetamolis
- BDantrolenas
- CSuksametonis
- DNaloksonas