1.Prioritetų nustatymas ir delegavimasVidutinis
A patient with mild dysphagia after a stroke is eating. Which technique helps make swallowing safer?
- ASitting upright with the chin tucked down while swallowing
- BLying flat with the head tilted back
- CTalking while eating to stay alert
- DDrinking thin fluids quickly through a straw between bites
2.Prioritetų nustatymas ir delegavimasSunkus
Skubios pagalbos skyriuje, kuris pacientas turėtų iškart eiti į procedūrų kambarį?
- A60 metų vyras su krūtinės spaudimu, prakaitavimu ir pykinimu 20 minučių
- B45 metų pacientas, prašantis pakartotinio recepto
- C25 metų pacientas su išnirusiu riešu ir normaliais gyvybiniais rodikliais
- D30 metų pacientas, dvi dienas skundžiantis gerklės skausmu ir 38,0 °C temperatūra
3.Infekcijų kontrolė ir pacientų saugaVidutinis
During routine handwashing with soap and water (medical asepsis), how are the hands held?
- ATouching the inside of the sink for support
- BLower than the elbows, so water runs off the fingertips
- CHigher than the elbows, so water runs down the arms
- DLevel with the shoulders, away from the sink
4.Infekcijų kontrolė ir pacientų saugaSunkus
During bedside handoff, the patient says, “I’m allergic to sulfa drugs,” but no allergy is recorded. What should the nurse do?
- AClarify the reaction, update the allergy record and tell the prescriber
- BWait until the patient is discharged to update the record
- CIgnore it, because the electronic record is more reliable than the patient’s memory
- DTell the patient that sulfa drugs are always safe
5.Laboratorinės reikšmės ir elektrolitaiVidutinis
Why must vitamin B12 deficiency be ruled out before treating macrocytic anemia with folic acid alone?
- AFolic acid blocks the absorption of all B12 from the diet
- BFolic acid can fix the anemia while B12-related nerve damage continues
- CFolic acid causes iron overload when B12 levels are low
- DFolic acid makes B12 deficiency anemia much worse within a few days
6.Laboratorinės reikšmės ir elektrolitaiSunkus
A patient has fever, chills, flank pain and costovertebral angle tenderness. Urinalysis shows many white cells and white cell casts. Which condition is most likely?
- AAcute pyelonephritis
- BNephrotic syndrome
- CGlomerulonephritis
- DSimple cystitis
7.Klinikinė slaugaVidutinis
Which lifestyle advice helps a patient with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease?
- AEat one very large meal a day rather than several small ones
- BLie down straight after each meal to let the food settle
- CAvoid large meals late in the evening and raise the head of the bed
- DWear tight belts to support the stomach
8.Klinikinė slaugaSunkus
Why must severe chronic hyponatraemia be corrected slowly?
- AFast correction causes severe hypoglycaemia and seizures in most patients
- BFast correction makes the kidneys stop producing urine
- CToo-rapid correction can cause osmotic demyelination in the brain
- DSodium given quickly causes immediate cardiac arrest
9.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemosVidutinis
A patient has exercise-induced asthma. Which advice is most appropriate?
- AUse the reliever inhaler shortly before exercise and warm up
- BExercise only in cold, dry air to toughen the airways
- CTake a beta-blocker before exercise
- DAvoid all forms of exercise permanently to prevent attacks
10.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemosSunkus
A patient with rheumatoid arthritis is due to start an anti-TNF biologic drug. Which screening is essential beforehand?
- AScreening for latent tuberculosis
- BAn exercise ECG test on a treadmill
- CA sweat chloride test
- DA peak flow diary for a month
11.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: nervų, endokrininė ir inkstų sistemosVidutinis
A patient with type 1 diabetes plans a long cycle ride. Which advice is most appropriate?
- ASkip breakfast so the exercise burns body fat
- BCheck glucose before and after, and carry fast-acting carbohydrate
- CTake an extra dose of rapid-acting insulin before setting off
- DAvoid checking glucose until the ride is over
12.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: nervų, endokrininė ir inkstų sistemosSunkus
Pacientas, vartojantis ličio, išskiria daug šlapimo ir jaučia troškulį, o šlapimas po desmopresino nesikoncentruoja. Kokia labiausiai tikėtina priežastis?
- ALičio sukeltas SIADH
- BCentrinis necukrinis diabetas po galvos sužalojimo
- CLičio sukeltas nefrogeninis necukrinis diabetas
- DNaujai išsivystęs 1 tipo diabetas
13.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: virškinimo trakto, perioperacinė ir onkologinėVidutinis
Why are accurate fluid balance charts kept after major surgery?
- ATo detect dehydration, fluid overload or kidney problems early
- BTo decide which meal the patient will have next
- CTo check how far the patient has walked and how often they get out of bed
- DTo record when visitors come and go
14.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: virškinimo trakto, perioperacinė ir onkologinėSunkus
A patient with gastric outlet obstruction has vomited repeatedly for several days. Which blood picture is most likely?
- AHigh chloride, high potassium and metabolic acidosis
- BLow chloride, low potassium and metabolic alkalosis
- CNormal electrolytes with respiratory alkalosis
- DHigh calcium, high sodium and respiratory acidosis