1.Prioritetų nustatymas ir delegavimasVidutinis
An arterial blood gas shows pH 7,28, PaCO₂ 40 mmHg (5,3 kPa) and HCO₃⁻ 16 mEq/L (mmol/L). How should the nurse interpret it?
- ARespiratory acidosis
- BMetabolic acidosis
- CMetabolic alkalosis
- DRespiratory alkalosis
2.Prioritetų nustatymas ir delegavimasSunkus
A patient has peripheral arterial disease with a non-healing ulcer on the toe. Which advice about leg position is correct?
- AKeep the legs raised above the heart as much as possible
- BWrap the legs tightly with compression bandages
- CKeep the legs level or slightly lowered, not raised
- DSit with the legs crossed to improve blood flow
3.Infekcijų kontrolė ir pacientų saugaVidutinis
A portable x-ray is taken at the bedside. Which action protects the nurse?
- ALook directly at the x-ray tube during the exposure to check its position
- BStep away from the patient or wear a lead apron during the exposure
- CStand next to the patient and hold the film without protection
- DStay close to the patient to keep them still without protection
4.Infekcijų kontrolė ir pacientų saugaSunkus
A nurse teaches the daughter of a patient with moderate Alzheimer’s disease about home safety. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A“I keep her medicines locked away and give each dose to her myself.”
- B“I let Mom cook alone on the gas stove because she enjoys it.”
- C“She wears an ID bracelet in case she gets lost.”
- D“We put locks high up on the outside doors.”
5.Laboratorinės reikšmės ir elektrolitaiVidutinis
When several samples are drawn at the same venipuncture, which tubes or bottles are filled first?
- ACoagulation (citrate) tubes
- BEDTA (complete blood count) tubes
- CBlood culture bottles
- DFluoride (glucose) tubes
6.Laboratorinės reikšmės ir elektrolitaiSunkus
The nurse teaches a patient with chronic kidney disease about a potassium-restricted diet. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A"I'll check food labels and ask my dietitian about portion sizes"
- B"Dried apricots and raisins will be a good snack for me now"
- C"I'll limit bananas, oranges and potatoes in my meals"
- D"I can leach potatoes by soaking them before cooking them"
7.Klinikinė slaugaVidutinis
Why is continuous bladder irrigation used after a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)?
- ATo stop blood clots from blocking the catheter
- BTo give antibiotics directly into the kidneys
- CTo stretch the bladder back to its normal size
- DTo measure the patient's kidney function
8.Klinikinė slaugaSunkus
A patient's hypoglycaemia was caused by a sulfonylurea such as gliclazide or glipizide. Why might they need monitoring for longer than usual?
- AThe drug causes rebound hyperglycaemia later the same day
- BSulfonylureas act for a long time, so hypoglycaemia can recur
- CThe drug makes glucose tablets and drinks ineffective
- DSulfonylureas only work at night
9.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemosVidutinis
Pacientui, neseniai patyrusiam insultą ir sunkiai ryjančiam, atsirado karščiavimas ir karkalai dešinės apatinės skilties srityje. Kokia labiausiai tikėtina priežastis?
- APlautinė embolija
- BAspiracinė pneumonija
- CKairiojo skilvelio nepakankamumas
- DŪmi astma
10.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemosSunkus
Which task for a stable patient with heart failure can the registered nurse most appropriately delegate to a healthcare assistant (unlicensed assistive personnel)?
- ATeaching the patient about a low-salt diet
- BAssessing lung sounds for new crackles
- CMeasuring and recording the morning weight
- DDeciding whether to give the furosemide dose
11.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: nervų, endokrininė ir inkstų sistemosVidutinis
Before a haemodialysis catheter is used, why is the lock solution withdrawn from each lumen?
- AIt contains the patient's urine
- BIt contains concentrated anticoagulant
- CIt contains a strong antibiotic that must be kept
- DIt contains air that keeps the line open
12.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: nervų, endokrininė ir inkstų sistemosSunkus
A patient on insulin has worsening chronic kidney disease and is having more hypos. What is the best explanation?
- AThe patient is eating far more carbohydrate than before
- BKidney disease makes the body resistant to insulin
- CThe kidneys clear less insulin, so it lasts longer
- DKidney disease makes the meter read too low
13.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: virškinimo trakto, perioperacinė ir onkologinėVidutinis
Why is pethidine (meperidine) generally avoided for regular pain relief?
- AA metabolite can build up and cause seizures
- BIt has no pain-relieving effect at all in adults
- CIt can only be given by mouth
- DIt always causes severe diarrhoea
14.Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: virškinimo trakto, perioperacinė ir onkologinėSunkus
Praėjus dešimčiai dienų po chemoterapijos, pacientui temperatūra 37,6 °C, bet jam šiurpina, jis blogai jaučiasi, pulsas 112/min., kraujospūdis 95/60 mmHg. Koks veiksmas teisingas?
- AGydyti kaip galimą neutropeninį sepsį: antibiotikai į veną per valandą
- BNuraminti pacientą, nes temperatūra vis dar žemesnė nei 38 °C
- CLaukti neutrofilų skaičiaus prieš nusprendžiant dėl bet kokio gydymo
- DDuoti paracetamolio ir temperatūrą pakartotinai patikrinti po keturių valandų