Užduočių lapas tema Laboratorinės reikšmės ir elektrolitai su atsakymais

Koks būdingas suaugusiojo kalio koncentracijos serume atskaitos intervalas?

1. A3,5–5,0 mEq/L
2. B135–145 mEq/L
3. C6,0–8,0 mEq/L
4. D1,3–2,1 mEq/L

What does the specificity of a diagnostic test describe?

1. AThe total number of people who take the test each year
2. BThe proportion of people without the disease who test negative
3. CThe proportion of people with the disease who test positive
4. DThe cost of the test compared with other tests

Using American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria, a fasting plasma glucose of 100–125 mg/dL (5,6–6,9 mmol/L) is classed as:

1. ANormal fasting glucose for an adult
2. BPrediabetes (impaired fasting glucose)
3. CMild hypoglycemia (low glucose)
4. DType 1 diabetes mellitus

A patient has taken a proton pump inhibitor (such as omeprazole) for many years and now has muscle cramps and tremor. Which electrolyte is most likely to be low?

1. APhosphate
2. BSodium
3. CMagnesium
4. DChloride

A patient on a heparin infusion has an aPTT below the target range on the protocol. What should the nurse do?

1. AStop the infusion and give protamine sulfate as quickly as possible
2. BSwitch the infusion to oral warfarin without a prescription
3. CContinue the same rate and recheck the aPTT in a few days
4. DAdjust the rate as the protocol directs and recheck as scheduled

A patient with chronic kidney disease receives an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent such as epoetin alfa. Which assessments are most important?

1. AHemoglobin and blood pressure
2. BLiver enzymes and bilirubin
3. CSerum glucose and ketones
4. DSerum amylase and lipase

A patient on hemodialysis receives epoetin, but the hemoglobin has not risen in 2 months. Which results should be checked first?

1. AFerritin and transferrin saturation
2. BTroponin and creatine kinase
3. CTSH and the free T₃ level
4. DAmylase and lipase levels

A patient with a stable INR on warfarin starts rifampin (rifampicin) for tuberculosis. Two weeks later the INR is 1,3. What is the most likely explanation?

1. ARifampin raises the INR, so it is wrong
2. BRifampin contains a lot of vitamin K
3. CRifampin speeds up warfarin metabolism
4. DTuberculosis causes the INR to fall