Užduočių lapas tema Laboratorinės reikšmės ir elektrolitai su atsakymais

Koks būdingas suaugusiojo natrio koncentracijos serume atskaitos intervalas?

1. A95–105 mEq/L
2. B135–145 mEq/L
3. C150–165 mEq/L
4. D3,5–5,0 mEq/L

Why is AST less specific for liver damage than ALT?

1. AAST is found only in the kidney tubules
2. BAST is made by the bone marrow, not the liver
3. CAST is also found in heart and skeletal muscle
4. DAST is not measured in the blood at all

What is the main role of fibrinogen in the blood?

1. AIt carries oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues
2. BIt transports iron from the gut to the bone marrow
3. CIt breaks down clots once the bleeding has stopped
4. DIt is converted to fibrin, which forms the mesh of a clot

A patient with acute pancreatitis has muscle twitching and numbness around the mouth. Which laboratory value should the nurse check?

1. ASerum chloride
2. BSerum calcium
3. CSerum sodium
4. DSerum amylase

A patient on carbamazepine becomes confused and has a headache. Which laboratory result would most likely explain this?

1. AA high serum calcium
2. BA low serum magnesium
3. CA low serum sodium
4. DA high serum potassium

A patient with hyponatremia from SIADH starts tolvaptan. Why is the serum sodium checked frequently in the first day?

1. AThe drug lowers blood glucose sharply
2. BThe drug causes severe hyperkalemia
3. CThe sodium always falls further
4. DThe sodium can rise too quickly

A 5-year-old has new bruising and petechiae two weeks after a viral illness. Platelets are 12 × 10³/µL; hemoglobin, white cell count and clotting times are normal. Which condition is most likely?

1. ADisseminated intravascular coagulation
2. BHemophilia A
3. CImmune thrombocytopenia (ITP)
4. DAcute leukemia

A patient's AST is about twice the ALT, both moderately raised, and the GGT is high. Which cause is most likely?

1. AAcute viral hepatitis A
2. BAlcohol-related liver disease
3. CGallstone blocking the bile duct
4. DAcute myocardial infarction