Užduočių lapas tema Laboratorinės reikšmės ir elektrolitai su atsakymais

What does a raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) show?

1. AA specific infection of the urinary tract by bacteria
2. BInflammation somewhere in the body, without showing where
3. CA low level of iron stored in the bone marrow
4. DDamage to heart muscle within the past few hours

Which liver test is especially sensitive to heavy alcohol use?

1. AGamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)
2. BSerum creatinine and BUN
3. CCardiac troponin I or T
4. DSerum lipase (pancreatic enzyme)

What is the main effect of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the kidneys?

1. AMore water is excreted, so the urine becomes dilute
2. BMore glucose is excreted, so the urine contains sugar
3. CMore potassium is reabsorbed, so the serum potassium rises
4. DMore water is reabsorbed, so urine is concentrated

In the third trimester of pregnancy, a woman's alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is about twice the usual adult range, and the other liver tests are normal. What is the best interpretation?

1. AA sign of acute viral hepatitis
2. BA sign of blocked bile ducts
3. CA sign of new bone cancer
4. DA normal rise from placental ALP

After surgery for colon cancer, a patient's CEA had fallen to normal, but it has been rising over the last two checks. What does this most likely suggest?

1. AA sure sign that the cancer has been fully cured
2. BA normal change after surgery that needs no follow-up
3. CA sign of iron deficiency from the earlier bleeding
4. DPossible recurrence that needs further assessment

A patient with an upper gastrointestinal bleed has a BUN of 48 mg/dL (urea 17 mmol/L) and a normal creatinine. What is the most likely explanation?

1. ADigested blood adds protein, which the liver turns into urea
2. BSkeletal muscle is breaking down because of the blood loss
3. CThe kidneys have suddenly lost most of their function
4. DThe liver has stopped making urea because of the bleeding

Pacientui be inkstų problemų ir su normalia EKG kalio koncentracija 6,2 mEq/L. Laboratorija pastebi, kad mėginys buvo hemolizuotas. Koks geriausias aiškinimas?

1. ANedelsiant gydyti insulinu ir gliukoze be tolesnių patikrinimų
2. BKalis tikrai normalus ir tolesnių veiksmų nereikia
3. CRezultatas gali būti klaidingai didelis; įvertinti pacientą ir organizuoti pakartotinį mėginį
4. DPacientas serga inkstų nepakankamumu

An older adult has bone pain, fatigue and frequent infections. Results show anemia, a calcium of 12,4 mg/dL (3,1 mmol/L), a raised total protein and a rising creatinine. Which condition should be suspected?

1. AAcute viral hepatitis
2. BMultiple myeloma
3. CIron-deficiency anemia
4. DPrimary hypothyroidism