Užduočių lapas tema Laboratorinės reikšmės ir elektrolitai su atsakymais

What is a typical adult reference range for serum bicarbonate (total CO₂) on a metabolic panel?

1. AAbout 35–45 mEq/L
2. BAbout 8–12 mEq/L
3. CAbout 98–106 mEq/L
4. DAbout 22–28 mEq/L

What does the term "leukopenia" mean?

1. AA low red blood cell count
2. BA high platelet count
3. CA low white blood cell count
4. DA high white blood cell count

Kuris kraujo tyrimas paprastai yra pirmasis skydliaukės funkcijos patikros tyrimas?

1. ASkydliaukę stimuliuojantis hormonas (TSH)
2. BGlikuotas hemoglobinas A1c (HbA1c)
3. CKortizolis serume
4. DKalcis serume

Two sets of blood cultures are ordered for a patient with suspected sepsis. How are they best collected?

1. ABoth from the same site, one minute apart, to save time for the patient
2. BAfter the first antibiotic dose, so the infusion is not delayed
3. CFrom the existing IV line while the infusion continues to run
4. DFrom two separate venipuncture sites, using strict aseptic technique

A patient without symptoms has a fasting plasma glucose of 132 mg/dL (7,3 mmol/L) on Monday and 138 mg/dL (7,7 mmol/L) on Thursday. What does this show?

1. AThe results show reactive hypoglycemia
2. BThe results are within the normal fasting range
3. CThe results show prediabetes only
4. DThe results meet the criteria for diabetes

A patient with hyponatremia from SIADH starts tolvaptan. Why is the serum sodium checked frequently in the first day?

1. AThe drug lowers blood glucose sharply
2. BThe drug causes severe hyperkalemia
3. CThe sodium can rise too quickly
4. DThe sodium always falls further

A patient on lithium has had vomiting and diarrhea for 3 days and has been taking ibuprofen. They now have a coarse tremor and confusion. The lithium level is 2,2 mEq/L. What is the best interpretation and action?

1. AA low level; ask for the lithium dose to be raised
2. BLithium toxicity; hold lithium and report urgently
3. CIbuprofen side effects only; give it with food
4. DA normal level; continue lithium as prescribed

A patient has fatigue, weight gain and constipation. Results: TSH 24 mIU/L, free T₄ low, total cholesterol 285 mg/dL (7,4 mmol/L), sodium 131 mEq/L. What is the best interpretation?

1. AFamilial hypercholesterolemia, unrelated to the thyroid results
2. BPrimary hypothyroidism, which can raise lipids and lower sodium
3. CHyperthyroidism, with suppressed thyroid hormone production
4. DSecondary hypothyroidism from failure of the pituitary gland