Užduočių lapas tema Laboratorinės reikšmės ir elektrolitai su atsakymais

What is a "critical value" (panic value) in laboratory reporting?

1. AAny result that is slightly outside the laboratory reference range
2. BA result that the laboratory could not measure because of a bad sample
3. CA result so abnormal that it may threaten life and needs prompt action
4. DA result that is normal but differs from the patient's last value

A raised neutrophil count (neutrophilia) is most typical of:

1. AA mild viral cold
2. BAcute bacterial infection
3. CHay fever and asthma
4. DVitamin B₁₂ deficiency

Where does most of the ammonia in the blood come from, and which organ removes it?

1. AFat breakdown in adipose tissue; removed by the lungs
2. BRed cell breakdown in the spleen; removed by the skin
3. CGlucose breakdown in muscle; removed by the pancreas
4. DProtein breakdown by gut bacteria; removed by the liver

A tired patient with heavy menstrual periods has a normal hemoglobin and MCV but a ferritin of 8 ng/mL. What does this show?

1. AIron deficiency without anemia yet
2. BVitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia
3. CA completely normal iron status
4. DIron overload from too much iron

A patient with a low clinical probability of deep vein thrombosis has a normal (negative) D-dimer. What is the best interpretation?

1. AThe test is useless and should always be ignored
2. BA DVT is unlikely and can usually be ruled out
3. CA DVT is confirmed and anticoagulation is needed
4. DA pulmonary embolism is now certain to be present

A patient had a right mastectomy with removal of axillary lymph nodes. Where is the best place to draw blood?

1. AThe right arm
2. BEither arm equally
3. CThe left arm
4. DThe right hand

The nurse teaches a patient with iron-deficiency anemia who is starting oral iron. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I can take it with orange juice to help absorption"
2. B"I'll keep the tablets out of reach of the children"
3. C"My stools may look darker while I take the tablets"
4. D"I'll take my iron tablet with a big glass of milk"

A patient with C. difficile diarrhea has a white cell count of 24 × 10³/µL and a creatinine that has risen to 2,1 mg/dL (186 µmol/L). What does this indicate?

1. ASevere C. difficile infection
2. BMild infection needing no treatment
3. CUnrelated chronic kidney disease
4. DSuccessful response to treatment