Užduočių lapas tema Laboratorinės reikšmės ir elektrolitai su atsakymais

Koks būdingas suaugusiojo natrio koncentracijos serume atskaitos intervalas?

1. A3,5–5,0 mEq/L
2. B135–145 mEq/L
3. C150–165 mEq/L
4. D95–105 mEq/L

What does a positive direct antiglobulin test (direct Coombs test) show?

1. AAntibodies or complement are attached to the patient's red cells
2. BThe patient's red cells are too small and contain little hemoglobin
3. CThe patient's plasma is missing the clotting factor VIII
4. DThe patient's platelets are clumping together in the blood sample

What does a "culture and sensitivity" test of a sample show?

1. AHow many white cells are present in the sample
2. BWhether the patient is allergic to an antibiotic
3. CWhich organism grows and which antibiotics work on it
4. DThe amount of antibiotic in the patient's blood

A patient with hyponatremia from SIADH starts tolvaptan. Why is the serum sodium checked frequently in the first day?

1. AThe drug causes severe hyperkalemia
2. BThe sodium can rise too quickly
3. CThe sodium always falls further
4. DThe drug lowers blood glucose sharply

Kuri radinių grupė tinka hiperkalcemijai?

1. ATetanija, raumenų mėšlungis ir teigiamas Chvosteko požymis
2. BTroškulys su labai praskiestu šlapimu kaip vieninteliai požymiai
3. CTik smailios T bangos ir raumenų silpnumas
4. DVidurių užkietėjimas, nuovargis, sumišimas ir inkstų akmenys

Kada lėtine inkstų liga sergantis pacientas turėtų vartoti fosfatų rišiklį, pavyzdžiui, kalcio acetatą ar sevelamerą?

1. ASu valgiu
2. BTik kai pacientas jaučiasi blogai
3. CTik kartą per savaitę
4. DPrieš miegą tuščiu skrandžiu

A patient with a serum albumin of 1,9 g/dL (19 g/L) has signs of phenytoin toxicity, although the total phenytoin level is in the usual range. What is the most likely explanation?

1. ALow albumin raises the free (active) fraction of phenytoin
2. BLow albumin makes the liver clear phenytoin much faster
3. CLow albumin makes the total level falsely high in all cases
4. DLow albumin stops phenytoin from crossing into the brain

A patient with suspected Cushing syndrome takes dexamethasone at night. The next morning, the cortisol is still high. What does this suggest?

1. AThe result is normal, as dexamethasone raises cortisol
2. BThe patient has primary hypothyroidism instead
3. CCortisol is being produced without normal feedback control
4. DThe adrenal glands are not able to produce enough cortisol