Užduočių lapas tema Laboratorinės reikšmės ir elektrolitai su atsakymais

The serum total protein is made up mainly of:

1. AAlbumin and globulins
2. BGlucose and urea
3. CSodium and chloride
4. DHemoglobin and iron

A urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) of at least which value is usually called moderately increased albuminuria?

1. A3 mg/g (0,3 mg/mmol)
2. B300 mg/dL (3 mg/mL)
3. C3,000 mg/g (300 mg/mmol)
4. D30 mg/g (3 mg/mmol)

Serum amylase is less specific than lipase for pancreatitis because amylase also comes from:

1. AThe heart muscle
2. BThe bone marrow
3. CThe thyroid gland
4. DThe salivary glands

Apart from the lithium level, which tests are monitored regularly in long-term lithium therapy?

1. AKidney function and thyroid function
2. BLiver enzymes and serum amylase
3. CINR and the platelet count
4. DTroponin and creatine kinase (CK)

Which finding during a transfusion suggests transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO)?

1. ABack pain with dark red urine output
2. BHives and itching without other signs
3. CA low temperature and slow heart rate
4. DCrackles, hypertension and a raised BNP

On the first day after major surgery, a patient's white cell count is 12,5 × 10³/µL, with no fever or wound signs. What is the best interpretation?

1. ADefinite wound infection that needs antibiotics now
2. BA sign of leukemia that needs bone marrow testing
3. CA common stress response to surgery that is monitored
4. DA laboratory error, since surgery lowers white cells

A patient has painless jaundice, itching, dark urine and pale stools. ALP is markedly raised, conjugated (direct) bilirubin is high and ALT is only mildly raised. What is the most likely cause?

1. AGilbert syndrome, a harmless inherited bilirubin disorder
2. BIncreased breakdown of red blood cells (hemolytic anemia)
3. CBlockage of bile flow, for example by a tumor in the bile duct
4. DAcute viral hepatitis with widespread liver cell damage

A patient with cirrhosis and ascites has fever and abdominal tenderness. The ascitic fluid neutrophil count is 400 cells/mm³. What does this indicate?

1. ABleeding into the abdominal cavity
2. BSpontaneous bacterial peritonitis
3. CMalignant ascites from cancer
4. DNormal ascitic fluid in cirrhosis