Užduočių lapas tema Laboratorinės reikšmės ir elektrolitai su atsakymais

The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test is used mainly in relation to which organ?

1. AProstate gland
2. BPituitary gland
3. CThyroid gland
4. DPancreas

Koks būdingas suaugusiojo leukocitų skaičiaus atskaitos intervalas?

1. AMaždaug 150–400 × 10³/µL (150–400 × 10⁹/L)
2. BMaždaug 25–40 × 10³/µL (25–40 × 10⁹/L)
3. CMaždaug 4,5–11 × 10³/µL (4,5–11 × 10⁹/L)
4. DMaždaug 0,5–1,0 × 10³/µL (0,5–1,0 × 10⁹/L)

Koks būdingas suaugusiojo albumino koncentracijos serume atskaitos intervalas?

1. AMaždaug 0,5–1,0 g/dL (5–10 g/L)
2. BMaždaug 3,5–5,0 g/dL (35–50 g/L)
3. CMaždaug 8,5–10,5 g/dL (85–105 g/L)
4. DMaždaug 12–16 g/dL (120–160 g/L)

A patient with hyponatremia from SIADH starts tolvaptan. Why is the serum sodium checked frequently in the first day?

1. AThe drug lowers blood glucose sharply
2. BThe drug causes severe hyperkalemia
3. CThe sodium can rise too quickly
4. DThe sodium always falls further

When should the nurse check the glucose before giving a mealtime dose of rapid-acting insulin (such as lispro)?

1. AJust before the meal, giving insulin when the food is ready
2. BTwo hours after the meal, then giving the insulin dose
3. CAt bedtime only, then giving the mealtime insulin overnight
4. DOnly once a day, then giving the same dose before every meal

How does the nurse start a 24-hour urine collection at 08:00?

1. AHave the patient void and discard that urine, then save all urine until 08:00 the next day
2. BSave the 08:00 urine as the first sample, then collect until 08:00 the next day
3. CSave three samples spread across the day and discard all of the urine passed at night
4. DCollect only the first urine passed on waking, and repeat this the next morning

A patient on warfarin with an INR of 3,6 fell and hit their head an hour ago. They now report a worsening headache and drowsiness. What is the priority?

1. AGive acetaminophen (paracetamol) and recheck the INR tomorrow
2. BReport urgently for imaging and possible reversal
3. CHold warfarin for one dose and observe at home
4. DEncourage rest in a dark room to settle the pain

A patient started methimazole for hyperthyroidism 6 weeks ago and now has a fever and a severe sore throat. Which action is most important?

1. AAdvise the patient to continue the drug and drink more fluid
2. BCheck the TSH and double the dose if it is still low
3. CGive the next dose and suggest warm salt-water gargles for comfort
4. DHold the drug and arrange an urgent white cell and neutrophil count