Užduočių lapas tema Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemos su atsakymais

How is cardiac output calculated?

1. AStroke volume divided by heart rate
2. BSystolic pressure minus diastolic pressure
3. CHeart rate multiplied by stroke volume
4. DMean arterial pressure multiplied by heart rate

What does a "reliever" inhaler do in asthma?

1. AIt kills bacteria in the airways
2. BIt reduces the airway inflammation steadily over several weeks
3. CIt relaxes the airway muscles quickly to ease symptoms
4. DIt thins the mucus over several days

What is the usual SpO₂ of a healthy adult at rest breathing room air?

1. AAbout 80–85%
2. BAbout 60–65%
3. CAbout 70–75%
4. DAbout 95–100%

Which exercise advice is recommended for intermittent claudication?

1. AStopping walking at the very first twinge of pain each time
2. BSupervised walking until pain is near maximal, then rest and repeat
3. CWalking only on days when the legs feel warm and painless
4. DComplete bed rest until the leg pain has gone for at least a month

Which ECG pattern is typical of acute pericarditis?

1. AST elevation only in leads II, III and aVF with Q waves
2. BWidespread saddle-shaped ST elevation with PR depression
3. CTall peaked T waves with a wide QRS
4. DA sawtooth baseline with a regular ventricular rate

A patient on ramipril is to start sacubitril/valsartan for heart failure. What is the key safety point?

1. ASacubitril/valsartan is safe to start on the same morning
2. BThe ACE inhibitor must be stopped first, with a gap before starting
3. CBoth drugs should be taken together each day for the best effect
4. DThe ACE inhibitor dose should be doubled during the change

An adult inhales a peanut while laughing and now has a persistent cough and wheeze on one side. Where is the peanut most likely to have lodged?

1. AThe left main bronchus
2. BThe nasal cavity
3. CThe oesophagus
4. DThe right main bronchus

A patient with a COPD exacerbation has been on NIV for two hours. They are now more drowsy, and the pH has fallen further despite a good mask fit. What should the nurse do?

1. ARemove the mask and give nebulised bronchodilators only from now on
2. BEscalate urgently for review of intubation or a ceiling of care
3. CGive a sedative to help the patient tolerate the mask
4. DContinue NIV unchanged and repeat the blood gas tomorrow morning