Užduočių lapas tema Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemos su atsakymais

What is an aneurysm?

1. AAn abnormal bulging of a weakened artery wall
2. BA tear in the inner lining of a vein
3. CA complete blockage of an artery by plaque
4. DA blood clot in a deep vein

What is a "barrel chest"?

1. AA chest that moves inward on breathing in
2. BA sunken breastbone that has been present since birth
3. CA curved spine that bends to one side and twists the ribs
4. DA wider front-to-back chest diameter from air trapping

What is the role of surfactant in the lungs?

1. AIt moves mucus up towards the throat
2. BIt lowers surface tension so the alveoli stay open
3. CIt carries oxygen across the membrane into the blood
4. DIt kills bacteria that reach the alveoli from the air

Pacientas, vartojantis varfariną, pradėjo kasdien valgyti dideles špinatų ir lapinių kopūstų salotas. Kokia pagrindinė problema?

1. APapildomas vitaminas K gali padidinti TNS
2. BŽaliosios daržovės kenkia kepenims vartojant varfariną
3. CPapildomas vitaminas K gali sumažinti TNS
4. DMaisto ir varfarino sąveikos nėra

A patient who had a leg amputation says they feel burning pain in the missing foot. What is the best response?

1. ATell the patient the pain must be imaginary as the foot has gone
2. BExplain that burning pain in the missing foot shows wound infection
3. CExplain that phantom limb pain is real and arrange treatment
4. DAdvise that it will be ignored until it stops

Why does a large, rapidly forming pericardial effusion lower the blood pressure?

1. AIt makes the heart muscle contract too strongly and too fast
2. BIt compresses the heart and stops the ventricles filling
3. CIt dilates the arteries throughout the body
4. DIt causes the aortic valve to leak backwards into the ventricle

A nurse looked after a patient for a shift before smear-positive pulmonary TB was diagnosed, without wearing a respirator. What should happen?

1. AReport it so occupational health can arrange follow-up screening
2. BStart a full six-month course of TB drugs at once without any tests
3. CStay off work for six months in case symptoms develop
4. DTake no action, as healthcare workers are immune to TB

Pacientui, kuriam žinoma hipertenzija, kraujospūdis 186/112 mmHg, simptomų nėra ir organų pažeidimo požymių nėra. Kuris atsakas tinkamiausias?

1. APakartotinai išmatuoti, pranešti ir tikėtis geriamojo gydymo valandas ar dienas
2. BNieko nedaryti, nes pacientas jaučiasi gerai ir simptomų neturi
3. CĮ veną suleisti antihipertenzinį vaistą bolusu, kad per 15 minučių pasiektų 120/80 mmHg
4. DKviesti gaivinimo komandą ir ruoštis intubacijai