Užduočių lapas tema Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemos su atsakymais

What does "pleuritic" chest pain mean?

1. ASharp pain that worsens on breathing in or coughing
2. BDull pressure that spreads to the jaw on exertion
3. CAching that is worse when the arm is moved
4. DBurning pain behind the breastbone after meals

Which examination findings are typical of a large pleural effusion?

1. AHyper-resonance and a loud wheeze over the affected side
2. BCoarse crackles that clear on coughing
3. CNormal percussion and bronchial breathing
4. DDullness to percussion and reduced breath sounds

How should glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) sublingual tablets be stored?

1. ALoose in a pocket or a plastic pill box for easy access
2. BIn direct sunlight on the windowsill
3. CIn the fridge, mixed in one bottle with their other tablets
4. DIn their original container, away from heat and light

Why is aspirin chewed rather than swallowed whole in a suspected acute coronary syndrome?

1. AChewing speeds absorption, giving a faster antiplatelet effect
2. BWhole aspirin tablets cannot be absorbed at all from the gut
3. CChewing stops the aspirin from irritating the lining of the stomach
4. DChewing changes aspirin into an anticoagulant

How is orthostatic (postural) hypotension usually assessed?

1. ABP once sitting, then once lying down straight after a large meal
2. BBP in both arms at the same moment while sitting
3. CBP lying after rest, then again after 1 and 3 minutes standing
4. DBP only standing, after a brisk walk along the corridor

A patient on furosemide has a serum potassium of 3,0 mmol/L (3,0 mEq/L). Which symptoms may this cause?

1. ATingling around the lips and painful spasm of the hands
2. BFacial flushing, fever and a skin rash
3. CMuscle weakness, cramps and an irregular pulse
4. DSevere headache and a stiff neck

Slaugytojas planuoja keturių pacientų priežiūrą. Kurį pacientą reikia įvertinti pirmiausia?

1. APacientą su veninės kilmės opa, kuriam metas keisti tvarstį
2. BPacientą su kontroliuojama hipertenzija, klausiantį apie druską
3. CPacientą, sergantį LOPL, kurio SpO₂ nukrito nuo 90 % iki 83 % ir naujai atsirado mieguistumas
4. DPacientą, sergantį stabiliu širdies nepakankamumu, laukiantį kasdienio svėrimo

After an anaphylactic reaction to a bee sting that responded to adrenaline (epinephrine), a patient asks to go home immediately. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AStay for observation, then go home with an adrenaline auto-injector and teaching
2. BGo home and take antihistamines only if the throat swells
3. CGo home straight away, because anaphylaxis never recurs once adrenaline has worked
4. DStay in hospital for at least two weeks on daily intravenous antihistamines